基于低影响开发的城市雨洪削减效果研究

Study on Urban Stormwater Reduction Effect Based on Low Impact Development

随着我国城市化进程的不断加快,地表不透水区域的比例日趋增大,再加上气候变化导致降雨模式发生变化,使城市积水内涝、水体污染等问题日益严重。为缓解这些问题,低影响开发(Low Impact Development,LID)措施(包括透水路面系统、生物滞留设施等)被应用于城市道路和街区,且具有良好的前景。然而目前,LID措施对城市雨洪径流的控制效果研究仍存在不足,为此利用SWMM(Storm Water Management Model)软件,建立了城市区域模型,模拟分析了不同降雨条件下的雨洪径流控制效果,获得了不同情景下的径流系数范围,以及满足GB 50014-2021《室外排水设计标准》对城市管网负荷要求的LID措施设计方案(情景),并进一步探讨了透水路面系统、生物滞留设施对雨洪削减的效率问题。

With the rapid development of urbanization,the proportion of urban impervious surface areas is increasing.Urban climate change has led to change in rainfall patterns and caused the increasingly serious problems of urban waterlogging and water pollution.In order to alleviate these problems,low impact development(LID)has been developed,LID measures(mainly permeable pavement system and biological detention facilities)to be applied to urban roads and blocks.It has good prospect.However,research on the control effect of LID measures on urban stormwater runoff is still insufficient.Therefore,an urban area model was established by SWMM(Storm Water Management Model)software in this paper.The effect of rainwater&flood runoff treatment under different rainfall conditions was analyzed and the range of runoff coefficient under different scenarios is obtained so that LID design meet the load requirements of urban pipe network in code for design of outdoor wastewater engineering.The efficiency of the permeable pavement system and bioretention facilities on stormwater and flood reduction were further discussed.