5-氨基乙酰丙酸对猕猴桃生长及其果实品质的影响

Effects of Exogenous 5-aminolevulinic Acid on the Growth and Fruit Quality of Kiwi

【目的】研究外源5-氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA)对猕猴桃植株生长及其果实品质的影响,以期为猕猴桃生产及其品质改善提供理论支持。【方法】以翠玉猕猴桃为材料,从开花前期至膨果期每隔20 d叶面喷施质量浓度10~50 mg/L的外源ALA,共喷施3次,测定其叶绿素含量(SPAD)、净光合速率、叶面积、叶厚、茎粗、维生素C含量、单果质量、可溶性固形物含量和可滴定酸含量等指标。【结果】10~40 mg/L外源ALA能不同程度地提高猕猴桃的生长和品质指标,除叶长以外,均以30 mg/L ALA处理的效果最好;与对照相比,30 mg/L外源ALA处理猕猴桃植株叶片的叶绿素含量增加6.59%(膨果期),净光合速率增加40.52%,维生素C含量增加25.00%,单果质量增加13.66%,可溶性固形物含量增加13.03%,固酸比增加5.15%。【结论】开花前期至膨果期喷施适宜质量浓度的ALA,能改善猕猴桃的生长发育并提高其果实品质。

[Purpose]To study the effects of exogenous 5-aminolevulinic acid(ALA)on the vegetative growth and fruit quality of kiwi,and to provide a support for kiwi fruit production and quality improvement.[Methods]Using kiwi cultivar Cuiyu material,foliar spraying of exogenous ALA at the mass concentration of 10-50 mg/L every 20 days from the beginning of flowering to the fruit expansion period,three times in total,chlorophyll content(SPAD),net photosynthetic rate,leaf area,leaf thickness,stem thickness,vitamin C content,single fruit weight,soluble solid content,and titratable acid content were measured.[Results]ALA with the mass concentration of 10-40 mg/L could improve the indexes value of the growth and quality tested in kiwi at different degrees.Except leaf length,kiwi treated by 30 mg/L ALA obtained the best results for all other indexes.Compared with the control,chlorophyll content increased by 6.59%(fruit expansion period),net photosynthetic rate increased by 40.52%,vitamin C content increased by 25.00%,single fruit weight increased by 13.66%,soluble solid increased by 13.03%,and solid-acid ratio increased by 5.15%.[Conclusion]Foliar spraying exogenous ALA with appropriate mass concentration at the beginning of flowering to the fruit expansion period can improve plant growth and fruit quality of kiwi.