夏/秋播种鸭茅+多年生黑麦草+白三叶草地建植效果比较研究

Research on the Planting Effect of Dactylis glomerata+Lolium perenne+Trifolium repens Grasslands in Summer/Autumn Sowing Dates

【目的】研究鸭茅+多年生黑麦草+白三叶草地建植适宜播种时期,为其建植和管理提供理论依据。【方法】以夏季和秋季建植的鸭茅+多年生黑麦草+白三叶草地为对象,分析2个建植时期草地植物种群、群落和土草养分变化特征。【结果】秋播草地鸭茅重要值较高,夏播草地非播种植物入侵较多,两类草地鸭茅种群小株丛个体储备丰富,大株丛个体数较低,种群总体呈增长型模式;鸭茅株丛密度和白三叶匍匐茎密度、质量和个体大小以及播种禾草地上生物量比例均为秋播草地>夏播草地,而杂类草地上生物量比例、物种多样性和物种分布均匀程度均为夏播草地>秋播草地;土壤有机质和牧草全氮含量为秋播草地>夏播草地。【结论】秋播鸭茅+多年生黑麦草+白三叶草地建植效果整体较优,可有效抑制杂草生长,利于播种牧草生长和牧草营养价值提高及土壤培肥,适于在研究区及南方相关区域推广。

[Purpose]To study the suitable sowing date of Dactylis glomerata+Lolium perenne+Trifolium repens grasslands,which will provide some basis for the management and sowing of this kind of grasslands.[Method]We analyzed the characteristics of plant population,community and nutrients of soil and herbage of D.glomerata+L.perenne+T.repens grasslands under summer/autumn sowing dates.[Result]The dominance of D.glomerata was higher in autumn sowing grasslands,while native plants was higher in summer sowing grasslands.For D.glomerata in autumn and summer sowing grasslands,the small plant number was abundant and the large plant number was lower,and their population age structure showed an increasing pattern.The plant density of D.glomerata,stolon density,stolon weight and individual stolon weight of T.repens and the aboveground biomass proportion of sowing herbage were higher in autumn sowing grasslands than in summer sowing grasslands,while the biomass proportion of native forbs,plant species diversity and species distribution indices in summer sowing grasslands were higher than in autumn sowing grasslands.The contents of soil organic matter and herbage total nitrogen were higher in the autumn sowing grasslands than in summer sowing grasslands.[Conclusion]The planting effect of D.glomerata+L.perenne+T.repens grasslands in autumn sowing was better,which was beneficial for discouraging native plant species growth,herbage growth and enhancing herbage nutritional value and improving soil fertilization,and suitable for promotion in the research area and relevant regions in the south China.