基于介孔二氧化硅的肿瘤诊疗一体化平台的研究进展

Research Progress of Theranostic Nano-platformbased on Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle

诊疗一体化的介孔二氧化硅纳米粒子(MSNs)纳米平台是将具有诊断和治疗功能的材料整合到一个MSNs纳米载体中,可实现肿瘤的早期诊断、药物输送、靶向治疗,以及对治疗过程的实时监测。其中,诊断主要体现在影像学方面的应用,目前多种类型的显像剂已被集成到MSNs中,并设计了多种成像方式的组合,为肿瘤治疗获取更精确、更有效的诊断信息。本文从计算机断层扫描成像(CT)、核磁共振成像(MRI)、超声成像(US)、核成像、光学成像、光声成像(PAI)、表面增强拉曼光成像(SERS)及多模成像八个方面对MSNs在肿瘤诊疗一体化中的应用进展进行了综述,并讨论了基于MSNs的肿瘤诊疗一体化纳米平台在临床肿瘤研究中面临的问题及应用前景。其中基于MSNs多模成像的肿瘤诊疗一体化纳米平台由于兼具各种成像方式的优点,又能克服单模态成像的假阳性,提供更精确、全面的成像信息,因此备受科研工作者的关注,是未来肿瘤一体化纳米平台发展的主要方向。

Employing theranostic mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSNs),which combine both therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities in one MSN,has promised to realize the early diagnosis,drug delivery,targeted therapy and real-time monitoring of the therapeutic process.Among them,diagnosis is mainly reflected in the application of imaging.Currently,a variety of imaging agents have been integrated into MSNs,and a variety of imaging methods have been designed to obtain more accurate and effective diagnostic information for tumor treatment.This work reviewed the recent research progresses in the theranostic nano-platform based on MSNs from the Computed tomography(CT),magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),ultrasonic imaging(US),nuclear imaging,optical imaging,photoacoustic imaging(PAI),surface-enhanced Raman imaging(SERS)and multimodal imaging.It then analyzed their prospects and challenges in the clinical research.It was pointed out that Multimodal-imaging-guided theranostic nano-platform has been extensively investigated owing to its more accurate and complementary imaging information than any single imaging modality alone.Therefore,Multimodal-imaging-guided theranostic nano-platform is the main direction of future development of theranostic nano-platform based on MSNs.