浮式生产储卸油装置上部模块原油泄漏灾害研究

Research on oil leakage hazard of FPSO upper module

为研究浮式生产储卸油装置(FPSO)上部模块原油泄漏引发的灾害,以某FPSO加热撬块发生原油泄漏为例,建立原油蒸气扩散模型和池火灾模型,定量分析原油蒸气爆炸和池火灾的危害规律与危害范围。研究表明,原油蒸气质量浓度在泄漏源处最大,质量浓度为0.23 kg/m^(3)区域内遇火有发生爆炸与池火的风险,同时随着泄漏时间增加,目标与液池中心水平距离越小,所接受热辐射通量的上升速度越快,蒸气云爆炸冲击的危害越大。

In order to study the disaster caused by oil leakage from the upper module of Floating production,storage and unloading device(FPSO),the oil vapor diffusion model and the pool fire model were established to quantitatively study the damage law and damage range of oil vapor explosion and pool fire.Taking the oil leakage of a FPSO heating skid as an example,the results show that the oil vapor concentration is the largest at the source of the leakage,and there is a risk of explosion and pool fire when the vapor mass concentration is 0.23 kg/m^(3).At the same time,with the increase of the leakage time,the smaller the horizontal distance from the target to the center of the pool,the faster the thermal radiation flux will rise.The harm of vapor cloud explosion impact is greater.