轮岗对校长领导力提升存在“黄金频次”效应——基于对校长多维领导力发展的实证调查

The“Golden Frequency”Effect of Principal Rotation on Their Leadership Capability:An Empirical Research on Principals’Multi-Dimensional Leadership Development

领导力是校长专业发展的关键领域与核心能力。通过对全国不同省份878名校长的实证调查,发现轮岗校长的领导力水平显著高于非轮岗校长,且其水平随着轮岗次数先增后减,存在轮岗校长领导力峰值的"黄金频次"效应,即当轮岗次数分别在2.4、2.4、2.4、2.8-3.9次时,轮岗校长在树立愿景、发展人、重构组织、教学管理四个维度上的领导力最高。性别因素对校长领导力与轮岗经历之间的关系产生了显著的调节作用,女校长参加轮岗更能够提升自己的领导力水平。校长是否流动到更好的学校、对校长的支持力度等轮岗实施因素对轮岗校长领导力发展产生了显著影响。为更好发挥轮岗对校长领导力发展的积极作用,应重视"黄金频次"效应,最佳控制轮岗次数;应提升校长轮岗的积极性,并加强地区教育部门对校长轮岗前后的政策支持。

Leadership capability is the core capacity of principals,and also a key field of their professional development.Using a questionnaire survey on 878 principals in different provinces of China,this study finds that the leadership capability of principals with rotation experience was higher than those without rotation experience.The principals’leadership capability increases first and then decreases as the number of rotation times increases,and there is a"golden frequency"effect of principal rotation.When the number of rotation times arrived respectively at 2.4,2.4,2.4,and 2.8 to 3.9,the principals perform best in setting directions,developing people,redesigning the organization,and managing the instructional program.Principals’gender significantly moderates the influencing process of principals’rotation experiences on their leadership development,females’leadership capability can be more enhanced than males.Policy implementation factors which include change of development levels of principals’schools and districts’support for rotated principals significantly predict their leadership capability.In order to maximum the positive role of rotation on principal leadership,the"golden frequency"effect of principal rotation should be emphasized,and the frequency of rotations should be best controlled.Meanwhile,principals’motivation for rotation should be improved,and district offices’support for principal rotation should be strengthened.