薄板V形折弯回弹的实验及数值模拟研究

Experimental and Numerical Simulation Research on Springback of Thin Plate V-Bending

为更好地研究不同参数对V形折弯回弹的影响规律,以1060铝合金和Q235钢板材为研究对象,采用实验和有限元分析相结合的方法,研究了保压时间、厚度、Y行程及材料对回弹的影响规律。结果表明:保压时间对回弹量的影响较小;卸载后的角度随着厚度的增加而减小,回弹量随着板料厚度的增加逐渐减小;卸载前角度和卸载后角度随着Y行程(或下压量)的增大而减小,1060铝合金回弹量随着Y行程(或下压量)的增大而增大,Q235回弹量随着Y行程(或下压量)的增大呈现先增大后减小的趋势;相同条件下,1060铝合金板卸载前和卸载后的角度以及回弹量均大于Q235钢板;Q235在相同模具开口宽度和下压量下的回弹量更加敏感。通过仿真分析验证,实验结果与有限元仿真结果基本一致。研究揭示了影响回弹因素的规律,为板料折弯成型及质量控制提供了参考。

In order to better study the influence of different parameters on the springback of V-shaped bending,taking 1060 aluminum alloy and Q235 steel plate as the research obieck,the method of combining experiments and finite element analysis is used to study the effects of holding pressure time,thickness,Y stroke and material on springback.The results show that the pressure holding time has little effect on the rebound amount.The angle after unloading decreases with the increase of thickness,and the amount of springback decreases with the increase of sheet thickness.The angle before unloading and the angle after unloading decrease with the increase of Y stroke(or down pressure).The rebound amount of 1060 aluminum alloy increases with the increase of Y stroke(or down pressure),and the rebound amount of Q235 shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of Y stroke(or down pressure).Under the same conditions,the angle and springback of 1060 aluminum alloy plate before and after unloading are greater than those of Q235 steel plate.Q235 is more sensitive to springback under the same mold opening width and downward pressure.It is verified by simulation analysis that the experimental results are basically consistent with the finite element simulation results.The research reveals the law of factors affecting springback,and provides a reference for sheet metal bending and quality control.