不同品种杜仲生长动态和光合、叶绿素荧光参数的差异

Differences in growth dynamics,photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of different varieties of Eucommia ulmoides

为选育适合河北省保定市栽培推广的杜仲新品种,本研究于2019年以5个杜仲(Eucommia ulmoides Oliver)品种‘秦仲1号’‘秦仲2号’‘秦仲3号’‘秦仲4号’‘紫叶杜仲’2年生嫁接苗为材料,探讨不同品种杜仲生长动态、光合与叶绿素荧光参数差异。结果表明:不同品种杜仲株高、地径的生长量在7月15日—8月15日达到最大,其中‘秦仲1号’‘秦仲3号’的株高、地径增长量最大;不同品种杜仲的净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、电子传递速率(ETR)月变化呈“双峰”型,气孔导度(Gs)、初始荧光(Fo)呈“倒U”型,胞间CO_(2)浓度(Ci)、最大荧光产量(Fm)呈“U”型。‘紫叶杜仲’的Gs最大,‘秦仲4号’的Pn、Tr、Fv/Fm、ETR最大。综合比较各参数可以看出‘秦仲4号’的各项指标年平均值较优异,说明‘秦仲4号’光合能力更强,更适合在河北中南部地区栽植。此结果可为河北地区杜仲新品种的发展提供理论依据。

In order to breed new Eucommia ulmoides Oliver suitable for cultivation and promotion in Baoding,Hebei.This study used five 2 years old E.ulmoides grafted seedlings as materials,namely‘Qinzhong 1’‘Qin zhong 2’‘Qin zhong 3’‘Qinzhong 4’and‘Ziye duzhong’to explore the differences in growth dynamics,photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of different varieties of E.ulmoides in 2019.The results showed that the maximum growth of plant height and ground diameter of different varieties of E.ulmoides reached the maximum from July 15th to August 15th;Among them,‘Qinzhong 1’and‘Qinzhong 3’have the largest increase in plant height and ground diameter;the monthly changes of the net photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr),maximun photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm),and electron transfer rate(ETR)of different varieties of E.ulmoides showed a“double peak”pattern,and the stomatal conductance(Gs),the initial fluorescence(Fo)is“inverted U”pattern,the intercellular CO_(2) concentration(Ci)and the maximum fluorescence yield(Fm)are“U”pattern.The Gs of‘Ziye duzhong’is the largest,and that of‘Qinzhong 4’Pn,Tr,Fv/Fm,ETR are the largest.A comprehensive comparison of various parameters shows that the annual average of various indicators of‘Qinzhong 4’E.ulmoides is superior,indicating that‘Qinzhong 4’has a stronger photosynthetic capacity.This result can provide a theoretical basis for the development of new varieties of E.ulmoides in Hebei area.