饲料硒营养对奶牛生产影响的研究进展

Research progress on effect of feed selenium nutrition on dairy cow production

我国大多数居民硒摄入量尚未达到推荐水平,膳食补充成为改善人体硒营养的主要途径。硒从饲料向牛奶的转移成为开发富硒液态奶产品的可行途径。添加含硒的饲料添加剂或饲喂高硒牧草能够提升奶牛血液和牛奶中硒水平,改善血液抗氧化指标,对奶牛的生产性能和乳成分有一定的促进作用。改善奶牛硒营养能够提高营养物质的消化率和犊牛的生长性能。文章重点关注饲料硒营养对奶牛硒代谢的影响,综述奶牛硒摄入增加后血液、牛奶、瘤胃发酵和犊牛生产的指标变化,评估富硒奶生产对奶牛生产的潜在影响。

The selenium intake of most Chinese residents was below the recommended level,and dietary source is the main way to improve selenium nutrition.The transfer of selenium from feed to milk becomes a feasible way to develop selenium-enriched liquid milk products.Adding selenium-containing feed additives or feeding high-selenium forages can increase selenium level in the blood and milk,improve antioxidant index of blood,and promote effect on the production performance and milk composition.The predominant selenium nutrition for dairy cows can improve the digestion of nutrients and the growth performance of the calves.The article focuses on the effect of feed selenium on selenium metabolism in dairy cows,and reviews the changes in blood,milk,rumen fermentation and calf production after increased selenium intake for dairy cows,so as to evaluate the potential impact of selenium-enriched milk production on dairy cow production.