香港海员大罢工的性质及外在推力探析--兼论大罢工对苏兆征的影响

The Nature and External Thrust of the Hong Kong Seamen's Strike and Its Impacts on SU Zhaozheng

1922年发生的香港海员大罢工,其性质最初是海员自发组织的、以谋求工作待遇改善的经济斗争。但随着港英政府的介入,罢工斗争的性质逐渐演变为反抗阶级压迫和民族压迫的政治斗争。从外部推力来看,香港海员大罢工的爆发与“一战”后世界工运局势变化有所关联。同时,它也受到香港工运传统的影响。在这场罢工运动中,工人领袖苏兆征发挥了重要作用。与此同时,罢工运动也反作用于苏兆征本人,使其思想意识特别是对革命问题的认知有了显著提升,领导组织动员工人开展斗争的能力得到锻炼,为他迅速成长为卓越的工人领袖、中国共产党早期领导人之一、世界工运领袖之一奠定了基础。

The Hong Kong Seamen's Strike in 1922 was initially an economic struggle organized by the seamen themselves to seek better working conditions.However,with the intervention of the British Hong Kong government,the nature of the strike gradually evolved into a political struggle against class oppression and national oppression.From the perspective of external impetus,the outbreak of the Hong Kong Seamen's Strike was related to the changes of the world labor movement after World War I.At the same time,it was also influenced by the changes of the labor movement in Hong Kong.In this strike movement,the workers'leader Su Zhaozheng played an important role.The strike movement also had an impact on Su Zhaozheng himself,which significantly enhanced his ideological awareness,especially his knowledge of revolutionary issues,and honed his ability to lead,organize and mobilize workers in struggle,laying the foundation for his rapid growth into an outstanding workers'leader,one of the early leaders of the Chinese Communist Party and one of the leaders of the world labor movement.