猥亵儿童行为违法性评价要素分析

An Analysis on the Factors of Illegality Evaluation of Child Molestation

在泳池等公共场所猥亵儿童的案件频发,引起社会广泛关注。在此背景下,《刑法修正案(十一)》对猥亵儿童罪规定了专有的两档刑罚和四项加重处罚情形。然而,对于行为人实施的猥亵儿童行为的违法性质的判断,理论与实践中尚未形成统一标准,导致性骚扰行为、猥亵违法行为与猥亵犯罪行为之间的界限不明。对此,应在已有共识的基础上建立一套猥亵行为违法性的评价体系。该评价体系应包括侵犯部位、侵犯方式、侵犯时间等行为自身要素和侵犯环境、侵犯主体、侵犯对象等行为外部要素两个层面。《刑法修正案(十一)》对"在公共场所当众猥亵儿童"追加了"情节恶劣的"表述,该表述应被视为提示性规定。对于修正案生效前发生的此类情形,应按照"从旧兼从轻"的处理原则,适用旧法。"猥亵儿童多人或者多次"作为加重处罚情形时,同样应达到"情节恶劣"的程度。

The frequent cases of child molestation in swimming pools and other public places have aroused wide social concern.The Amendment(XI)to the Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China(the Amendment)stipulates two special penalties and four aggravating punishment circumstances for the crime of molestation of children.However,in theory and practice,there is no uniform standard for judging the illegal nature of the acts of indecency against children.The boundary between sexual harassment,indecent violation and indecent crime is unclear.In this regard,an evaluation system of the illegality of indecent acts should be established on the basis of relative consensus,which includes two groups of the elements of the acts,namely,the constituent elements including the position of the infringement,the way of the infringement and the time of the infringement,and the external elements,such as the environment of the infringement,the subject of the infringement and the object of the infringement.The expression of"with execrable circumstances"was added in the Amendment as a supplement to"molesting a child in public at a public place",which should be regarded as a suggestive provision.If such circumstances occur before the Amendment takes effect,the old law shall be applied according to the principle of"following the former provisions and imposing lighter punishment"."Molesting several children or molesting a child on several occasions"as an aggravating punishment circumstance should also reach the extent of"execrable circumstance".