多学科协作的综合护理干预在老年脑卒中吞咽障碍患者康复中的应用

Application of multidisciplinary coordinated comprehensive nursing intervention in rehabilitation of elderly patients with dysphagia after stroke

目的探讨多学科协作的综合护理在老年脑卒中吞咽障碍患者中的康复作用。方法选取2017年6月至2019年5月南阳市中心医院收治的86例有吞咽功能障碍的老年脑卒中患者,随机分为观察组和对照组各43例。对照组患者给予常规康复护理,观察组患者给予多学科协作的综合护理模式进行干预。比较两组患者康复护理前后的吞咽功能和吸入性肺炎发生情况以及患者在护理期间的依从性情况和生活质量。结果观察组患者总有效率93.0%,高于对照组患者总有效率79.1%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组吸入性肺炎发生2例,低于对照组发生吸入性肺炎5例,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组药物治疗、生活方式、功能锻炼和态度的依从性评分优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组干预前生活质量评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后观察组生活质量评分优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论多学科协作的综合护理干预能够改善老年脑卒中吞咽障碍患者康复训练的主动性和依从性,提高康复训练的效果和患者的生活质量。

Objective To explore the rehabilitation effect of multidisciplinaiy collaborative comprehensive nursing in elderly stroke patients with dysphagia.Methods A total of 86 elderly stroke patients with dysphagia admitted to this hospital from June 2017 to May 2019 were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group,43 cases in each group.Patients in the control group were given routine rehabilitation nursing,while patients in the observation group were given multidisciplinaiy collaborative comprehensive nursing mode for intervention.The occurrence of swallowing function and aspiration pneumonia,as well as the compliance and quality of life of patients in the nursing period were compared between the two groups before and after rehabilitation nursing.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 93.0%,which was higher than that 79.1%of the control group,and tlie difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of aspiration pneumonia in the observation group was 2 cases,which was lower than that in the control group(5 cases),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The compliance scores of drug therapy,lifestyle,functional exercise and attitude in the observation group were better than those in the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in quality of life scores between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05).The quality of life score of the observation group was better than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions Multidisciplinary collaborative comprehensive nursing intervention can improve the initiative and compliance of rehabilitation training for stroke patients with dysphagia,improve lhe effect of rehabilitation training and the quality of life of patients.