铝合金中的溶质原子团簇及其强韧化

Aluminum Alloys:Solute Atom Clusters and Their Strengthening

得益于先进表征技术的快速发展,已经可以初步实现在时间和空间上高精度、大范围地定量表征金属材料中的溶质原子团簇,这极大地促进了溶质原子团簇的深入研究。对于广泛应用的铝合金而言,溶质原子团簇不仅是作为时效析出的前驱体而得到重视,更成为了一种新型的强韧化手段,在强塑性匹配上显示出了一定的调控潜力和自由度。本文针对铝合金近年来的相关研究进展,从溶质原子团簇精确表征、形成热/动力学、影响因素、强韧化机理以及应用举例等多个方面进行了简要总结,并对未来可能的重点研究内容进行了展望。

Benefiting from the rapid development in advanced characterization technologies,solute atom clusters in metal materials can now be quantitatively characterized in a high temporal and spatial resolution.This greatly promotes in-depth investigations on solute atom clustering.As for the widely-used Al alloys,solute atom clusters are attracting increasing attention not only as precursors for the precipitates during the aging process but also as a novel approach to strengthen and toughen the Al alloys.Experimental evidence has proved that solute atom clusters can simultaneously afford high strength and great ductility,indicating potential tailoring freedom to achieve an excellent strength-ductility combination.In this paper,the recent progress in solute atom clustering associated with Al alloys are summarized,including comprehensive characterization,thermodynamics and kinetics of formation,influencing factors,strengthening and toughening,and an application example.Ultimately,from the author.s point of view,possible key directions for further studies of solute atom clusters are also proposed.