基于自然教育理念的幼儿园户外环境设计——以南京市马群幼儿园户外环境设计为例

Outdoor Environment Design of Kindergarten Based on the Concept of Natural Education--Taking Nanjing Maqun Kindergarten(Run Kangyuan Campus)as an Example

城市化的快速发展使城市儿童面临与自然割裂的困境,而幼儿园户外环境是儿童熟悉的成长与活动场所,对开展自然教育具有重要意义。通过文献分析的方法梳理自然教育的发展历程及应用现状,从场地的本质与功能两个角度研究自然教育对幼儿园户外环境的影响。在此基础上,提出因地制宜、打破界限、模拟生境、巧用小品、重视参与5点设计策略,并以南京市马群幼儿园户外环境设计为例,为今后幼儿园设计和改造升级提供一定的理论和实践参考。

With the rapid development of urbanization,urban children are facing the dilemma of being separated from nature.The outdoor environment of kindergarten is a familiar place for children to grow and play,which is of great significance to the development of nature education.Through the method of literature analysis,the development process and application status of nature education are sorted out,and the impact of nature education on outdoor environment of kindergartens is studied from the two perspectives:nature and function of the site.On this basis,the paper puts forward five design strategies based on local conditions,breaking boundaries,simulating the habitat,cleverly using landscape facilities and emphasizing participation.Besides,taking the outdoor environment design of Maqun Kindergarten in Nanjing as an example,it provides certain theoretical and practical reference for the design and upgrading of kindergarten in the future.