论蔡松年词对苏轼词的接受、承继与新变

A Study on Cai Songnian Ci's Acceptance,Inheritance and Innovation of Su Ci

蔡松年开金代百年之词运,谓金“学苏第一人”。经历了由宋入金的变故后,在“借才异代”这一契机下的蔡松年出于心理上的认同和需要,以苏学作为其精神慰藉。在对苏词主体精神的接受与承继中,情态意象上非有意学坡而自若坡,情感主题与苏词的归隐情思如出一辙,亦承继了苏词特有的超逸清旷之审美特征,从字到章句再到整首词的话语袭用更是随处可见。蔡词在拟效的基础上进一步新变,多样化的风格丰富了其审美内涵,题材的多样扩大了词之功能,呈现出诗化特征。尤其是词序的设置,使词具有了散文化特点,蔡词富有思辨性的章法结构亦增强了词体的议论功能,至此蔡词亦诗亦文的趋向对于词体的发展起到了重要的推动作用。

Cai Songnian opened the 100 year history of Ci study in the Jin Dynasty and is known as the"first person to learn from Su Shi"in the Jin Dynasty.After experiencing the shift from the Song Dynasty into the Jin Dynasty,faced with the opportunity of"borrowing talents from other nations",Cai Songnian learned from Su Shi as spiritual comfort out of his psychological identity and needs.In the acceptance and inheritance of the core spirit of Su Ci,the emotional image is very close to Su Shi’s,even when not intended to learn from him.The emotional theme is the same as the seclusion emotion of Su Ci,also inheriting its unique aesthetic characteristics,and the discourse inheritance from words to sentences and then to the whole Ci can be seen everywhere.Cai Ci further changed on the basis of inheritance.The diversified style enriched the aesthetic connotation and the diversity of themes expanded the function of Ci,showing the characteristics of poetry.In particular,the setting of word order makes Ci have the characteristics of prose culture and the speculative structure of Cai Ci also enhances the discussion function of Ci.Therefore,it can be seen that the poetic and literary trend of Cai Ci has played an important role in promoting the development of Ci style.