江苏经济发展动力区域差异研究——基于县(市)全要素生产率分析

Study on Regional Differences of Economic Development Power in Jiangsu Province:Analysis Based on County(City)Total Factor Productivity

采用非参数Malmquist指数法对江苏省41个县域单元全要素生产率指数(TFP)变化情况进行测算并对区域经济发展动力差异进行分析。结果表明:在2000—2017年间县域单元平均全要素生产率增长1%,41个县域单元中26个单元的全要素生产率呈增长态势,15个单元呈下降态势。区域上全要素生产率增长具有明显南高北低态势,苏南平均增长4.6%,苏中平均增长0.5%,苏北平均降低0.5%。全要素生产率的正向拉动主要靠技术水平的提高,降低原因主要在于生产要素利用效率低。苏南、苏中、苏北整体的全要素生产率存在区域差异,充分利用技术提高资源要素配置效率是提升全要生产率的主要途径,技术人员具有显著正向作用,外资技术水平和进口生产要素技术含量对TFP具有重要影响。

This paper uses the non-parametric Malmquist index method to measure the changes in total factor productivity(TFP)of 41 county units in Jiangsu Province and analyze the difference in regional driving force of economic development.The results show that the average total factor productivity of county units increased by 1%from 2000 to 2017.Among the 41 county units,the total factor productivity of 26 units increased and 15 units decreased.In the region,the growth of total factor productivity is obviously higher in the South and lower in the north.Moreover,the average growth in southern Jiangsu is 4.6%,that in central Jiangsu is 0.5%,and that in northern Jiangsu is-0.5%.The positive pull of total factor productivity mainly depends on the improvement of technical level,and the decrease is mainly due to the low utilization efficiency of production factors.There are regional differences in total factor productivity in southern Jiangsu,central Jiangsu and northern Jiangsu.Making full use of technology to improve the efficiency of resource factor allocation is the main way to improve total factor productivity.Technicians have a significant positive effect.The technical level of foreign capital and the technical content of imported production factors have an important impact on TFP.