越南红薯生产概况

Overview of Sweet Potato Production in Vietnam

【目的】越南与中国相邻,地处热带和亚热带,光照充足,雨量充沛。通过对越南农业气候条件、农业生态区域、越南全国、各生态区、部份省份近几年种植红薯面积、单产及总产概况分析,了解越南红薯发展现状和趋势,为我国红薯产业发展提供参考。【方法】基于越南农业统计数据库、越南统计总局网站、越南统计年鉴和越南国情报告年度数据,分析越南全国、各农业生态区、部份省份近几年红薯发展、种植、生产及贸易概况。【结果】越南纬度跨越大,气候差异大,分6个农业生态区。越南红薯种植主要集中在北部丘陵山区、中北部地区,这两个地区占全越南红薯面积三分之一强。红薯是越南主要粮食作物之一,近年来全国种植红薯面积约12万hm2,这几年种植面积略有所下降,红薯总产接近140万t,1995年越南红薯种植面积30.46万hm2,产量168.58万t,2019年种植11.65万hm2,产量140.23万t。2019年越南北部红薯种植面积6.54万hm2,南部种植面积5.11万hm2。【结论】越南地处热带亚热带,北部是亚热带,四季分明,南部是热带,分旱季和雨季。红薯不仅是粮食、饲料的重要来源,也是工业原料,越南北部种植面积比南部多,产量则是南部比北部高,单产是南部比北部高。我国广西等西南地区与越南相邻,有比较相似的气候和环境条件,合作的空间和潜力有广阔的前景。

【Objective】Vietnam borders on China,is located in the tropics and subtropics,is rich in sunlight and rainfall.Through the analysis of agro-climate conditions,agro-ecological regions,sweet po⁃tato growing area,yield per unit and total production in different ecological zones and parts of Vietnam in recent years,the present situation and trend of sweet potato development in Vietnam are elaborated,which will provide references for sweet potato development in China.【Method】Based on the data from Vietnam Agricultural Statistics Database,statistics General Statistics website,the data of Statistical Year⁃book and annual report on Vietnam’s National Situation,the paper presented a profile of sweet potato de⁃velopment,plant,and production.【Result】Vietnam has 6 agricultural ecological zones with different lati⁃tudes and climate.The cultivation of sweet potato in Vietnam is mainly in Northern midlands and moun⁃tain areas and North Central and Central coastal areas,these two regions account for more than one-third of the total area of sweet potatoes in Vietnam As an important food crop in Vietnam,sweet potato boasts the planting area about 120,000 hm2,The planting area has declined slightly in recent years and the total production of cassava has reached 1,4 million tons.The cultivation of sweet potato in Vietnam in 1995 was 304,600 hm2,and the output 1,685,800 tons.In 2019,the planting area was 116,500 hm2 and the out⁃put was 1,402,300 tons,In 2019,the planted sweet potato area in the north was 65,400 hm2,and in the south there was 51,100 hm2.【Conclusion】Vietnam is a tropical and sub-tropical country,The north is subtropical with four distinct seasons,while the south is tropical with only dry and rainy seasons.Sweet potatoes are not only an important source of food and feed,but also industrial raw materials.There are more planted areas in the north of Vietnam than in the south,and the yield is higher in the south than in the north,and the yield is higher in the south than in the north.Southwestern regions such as Guangxi,China,are near to Vietnam and have relatively similar climate and environmental conditions.The space and potential for cooperation have broad prospects Vietnam.