4Clark D, Southern R, Beer J. Rural governance, community empowerment and the new institutionalism : A case study of the Isle of Wight [ J ]. Journal of Rural Studies, 2007,23 ( 2 ) : 254-266.
5North D C. Institutions, Institution Change, and Economic Performance [ M ]. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1990.
6North D C. Economic Performance through Time [J]. American Economic Review, 1994,84 (3) : 359-368.
7Popper K R. The Poverty of Historicism [ M ]. 2d ed. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1957.
8Scheyvens R. Ecotourism and the empowerment of local communities [ J ]. Tourism Management, 1999.20(2),245-249.
9Scheyvens R. Tourism for Development: Empowering Communities [ M ]. Harlow: Pearson Education,2002.