吐鲁番生土民居夏季夜间通风降温特性分析

NIGHT VENTILATION COOLING CHARACTERISTICS ANALYSIS OF TURPAN EARTH DWELLINGS IN SUMMER

为研究吐鲁番地区民居建筑夏季夜间自然通风降温特性,以英买里村安居富民项目户型为例,通过前期热环境测试和后期Design Builder模拟,对该地区夜间通风效果进行验证,比较不同房间的热环境特征,并得到通风时间和围护结构蓄热性的建议值。研究结果表明:夜间通风可有效降低室内空气温度,地上层的房间在23:00—09:00之间宜进行通风;半地下层空气温度远低于一层,但平均换气次数均不足1 ac/h,若夏季长期居住半地下层,需适当增加机械通风设备;轻质墙体房间降温幅度大但室温高,该地区推荐土坯与EPS保温板结合使用,使建筑满足冬季保温要求且夏季室内温度较低。

In order to study the natural ventilation and cooling characteristics of residential buildings in Turpan during the summer,taking the apartment layout of the project"Enriching and Resettling people"in the Yingmaili Village as an example,the night ventilation effect of the residential buildings in Turpan were researched through the early thermal environment test and the later Design Builder simulation.The thermal environment characteristics of different rooms were compared.The recommended values of ventilation time and heat storage capacity of the envelope structure was obtained.The results show it may reduce effectively the indoor air temperature by night ventilation.There is a huge ventilation and cooling potential in the upper floor room between 23 and 9 o’clock.Although the temperature of the underground air is much lower than that of one layer,the average number of air changes is less than 1 ac/h.If the semi-basement is occupied for a long time in summer,mechanical ventilation equipment should be added appropriately.The lightweight wall room has a large temperature drop but high room temperature.It is recommended to use adobe and EPS insulation board to construct the composite wall in the area so as to meet the winter insulation and the indoor temperature low in summer requirements.