不同纤维原料在生长猪的有效能和营养物质表观全肠道消化率的测定

Determination of Available Energy and Nutrient Apparent Total Tract Digestibility of Different Fibrous Ingredients in Growing Pigs

本试验旨在测定不同纤维原料在生长猪的消化能、代谢能和营养物质表观全肠道消化率。选择30头健康的“杜×长×大”三元猪,平均初始体重为(45.0±2.1)kg,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复1头猪。各组分别饲喂含97.4%玉米的基础饲粮以及分别含29.22%大豆皮、豆腐渣、发酵苹果渣和苹果渣的4种纤维饲粮。试验共22 d,包括7 d代谢笼适应期,10 d饲粮适应期和5 d粪尿收集期。结果表明:1)与玉米基础饲粮相比,饲喂大豆皮、豆腐渣、苹果渣和发酵苹果渣饲粮生长猪的总能、粗蛋白质和粗脂肪的表观全肠道消化率以及代谢能/总能显著降低(P<0.05),总膳食纤维、不可溶性膳食纤维、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的表观全肠道消化率显著升高(P<0.05)。与豆腐渣和大豆皮饲粮相比,饲喂苹果渣和发酵苹果渣饲粮生长猪的总能、粗蛋白质和酸性洗涤纤维的表观全肠道消化率显著降低(P<0.05),饲喂发酵苹果渣饲粮生长猪的消化能/总能和代谢能/总能显著降低(P<0.05)。2)豆腐渣的酸性洗涤纤维、可溶性膳食纤维和总能的表观全肠道消化率显著高于苹果渣和发酵苹果渣(P<0.05)。大豆皮的消化能和代谢能显著高于豆腐渣、苹果渣和发酵苹果渣(P<0.05)。大豆皮和豆腐渣的消化能/总能和代谢能/总能显著高于苹果渣和发酵苹果渣(P<0.05),但代谢能/消化能显著低于苹果渣和发酵苹果渣(P<0.05)。总而言之,不同纤维原料对生长猪饲粮的消化能、代谢能以及营养物质的表观全肠道消化率具有很大差异,且大豆皮和豆腐渣在生长猪上的饲喂价值优于苹果渣和发酵苹果渣。

The objective of this study was conducted to determine the digestible energy,metabolizable energy and nutrient apparent total tract digestibility of different fibrous ingredients in growing pigs.Thirty healthy“Duroc×Landrace×Large White”crossed pigs with average initial body weight of(45.0±2.1)kg were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 1 pig per replicate.Pigs in 5 groups were fed a corn basal diet which contained 97.4%corn and 4 fibrous diets which contained 29.22%soybean hull,soybean residue,apple pomace and fermented apple pomace,respectively.The experiment lasted for 22 days,including 7 days of cages adaptation period,10 days of diets adaptation period and 5 days of total urine and feces collection period.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the corn basal diet,the apparent total tract digestibility of gross energy,crude protein and ether extract and metabolizable energy/gross energy of growing pigs fed with soybean hull,soybean residue,apple pomace and fermented apple pomace diets were significantly decreased(P<0.05),while the apparent total tract digestibility of total dietary fiber,insoluble dietary fiber,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the soybean hull and soybean residue diets,the apparent total tract digestibility of gross energy,crude protein and acid detergent fiber of growing pigs fed with apple pomace and fermented apple pomace diets was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the digestible energy/gross energy and metabolizable energy/gross energy of growing pigs fed with fermented apple pomace diet were significantly decreased(P<0.05).2)The apparent total tract digestibility of acid detergent fiber,insoluble dietary fiber and gross energy of soybean residue was significantly higher than that of apple pomace and fermented apple pomace(P<0.05).The digestible energy and metabolizable energy of soybean hull were significantly higher than those of soybean residue,apple pomace and fermented apple pomace(P<0.05).The digestible energy/gross energy and metabolizable energy/gross energy of soybean hull and soybean residue were significantly higher than those of apple pomace and fermented apple pomace(P<0.05),while the metabolizable energy/digestible energy was significantly lower than that of apple pomace and fermented apple pomace(P<0.05).In conclusion,different fibrous ingredients have large differences in digestible energy,metabolizable energy and nutrient apparent total tract digestibility of growing pigs,and the feeding value in growing pigs of soybean hull and soybean residue are better than apple pomace and fermented apple pomace.