酶解鸡肉粉替代部分鱼粉对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼生长性能、营养物质表观消化率以及养殖水体水质的影响

Effects of Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Enzyme-Digested Poultry By-Product Meal on Growth Performance and Nutrient Apparent Digestibility Coefficients of Hybrid Groupers(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀×E. lanceolatu♂)and Cultured Water Quality

本试验旨在研究酶解鸡肉粉替代部分鱼粉对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×E. lanceolatus♂)生长性能、营养物质表观消化率以及养殖水体水质的影响。挑选初始体重为(7.51±0.02) g的健康珍珠龙胆石斑鱼630尾,随机分为7组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾。7组试验鱼分别摄食添加0(EP0组,作为对照组)、3%(EP3组)、6%(EP6组)、9%(EP9组)、12%(EP12组)、15%(EP15组)和18%(EP18组)酶解鸡肉粉替代部分鱼粉的7种等氮等脂饲料,养殖期为8周。结果显示:1) EP3组的增重率和特定生长率均显著高于EP0、EP12、EP15和EP18组(P<0.05)。2)与EP0组相比,EP3组的干物质表观消化率、粗蛋白质表观消化率无显著变化(P>0.05),但钙表观消化率显著升高(P<0.05),同时磷表观消化率也有一定程度的提高(P>0.05)。3)在摄食后各时间点(1、5、9、13、17和21 h),EP3组养殖水体中总氮、氨氮、亚硝氮、硝氮和总磷含量与EP0组无显著差异(P>0.05),但氨氮含量始终(摄食后9 h除外)低于EP0组。综上所述,饲料中添加3%的酶解鸡肉粉替代部分鱼粉可提高珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的生长性能和营养物质表观消化率,有效改善养殖水体水质。

The purpose of this experiment was to explore the effects of partial replacement of fish meal with enzyme-digested poultry by-product meal(EP)on the growth performance and nutrient apparent digestibility coefficients of hybrid groupers(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×E. lanceolatus♂)and cultured water quality. A total of 630 healthy hybrid groupers with an average body weight of(7.51±0.02)g were randomly divided into7 groups with 3 replicates per group and 30 fish per replicate. The experimental fish in the 7 groups were fed 7 kinds of iso-nitrogen and iso-lipid diets with 0(EP0 group,as control group),3%(EP3 group),6%(EP6 group),9%(EP9 group),12%(EP12 group),15%(EP15 group)and 18%(EP18 group)EP to replace partial fish meal,respectively. The experiment lasted for 56 days. The results showed as follows:1)the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of the hybrid groupers in the EP3 group were significantly higher than those in the EP0,EP12,EP15 and EP18 groups(P<0.05). 2)Compared with the EP0 group,there was no significant differences in the apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter and crude protein in the EP3 groups(P>0.05),but the apparent digestibility coefficient of calcium in the EP3 group was significantly improved(P<0.05),and the apparent digestibility coefficient of phosphorus was improved to some extent(P>0.05).3)At each time point(1,5,9,13,17 and 21 h)after feeding,there were no significant differences in the total nitrogen,nitrous nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen and total phosphorus contents in cultured water between EP3 and EP0 groups(P>0.05). Although there was no significant difference in ammonia nitrogen content cultured water between EP3 and EP0 groups(P>0.05),it was always lower than EP0 except 9 h after feeding. In summary,adding 3% EP in the diet to replace partial fish meal can improve the growth performance and nutrient apparent digestibility coefficients of hybrid groupers,and effectively improve the pollution of the cultured water quality.