粤港澳大湾区客家方言的分布与特点

The Distribution and Characteristics of Hakka Dialects in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

客家方言是广东省分布最广的方言之一,其中,粤港澳大湾区客家方言长期处于强势粤方言的包围中,语言特征受其渗透影响,但是,有关湾区客家方言的调查研究还比较薄弱,在此尽可能全面描述粤港澳大湾区客家方言的分布和使用情况,并综合以往调查及前人研究成果,试图从声母、韵母、声调三个方面,概括八个湾区客家方言点所反映出来的湾区客家方言语音的共同特征和内部差异。

Hakka dialects are one of the most widely distributed dialects in Guangdong Province. Among them, the Hakka dialects in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area have been surrounded by strong Cantonese dialects for a long time, and their language characteristics are affected by its penetration. However, the survey on the main dialects of the Bay Area Research is still relatively weak. This article describes the distribution and use of Hakka dialects in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area as much as possible, and combines previous surveys and previous research results to try to common characteristics and internal differences of the Bay Area Hakka dialect phonetic reflected by the eight Bay Area Hakka dialect points from three aspects: initials, vowels, and tones.