重金属氧化物玻璃X/γ射线屏蔽性能评价方法探讨

Discussion on Evaluation of X/γRay Shielding Performance for Heavy Metal Oxide Glass

在核能和核技术利用中,对辐射威胁进行屏蔽是控制场所剂量、保护人员健康的重要手段。目前主要屏蔽材料包括混凝土、铅以及其它各种合金、复合材料等;重金属氧化物玻璃可以兼具良好的屏蔽性能和透光性,因此在很多屏蔽应用场合受到青睐,而且由于玻璃成分类型的多样性,近年来开展了大量新型玻璃的开发和屏蔽性能研究工作,以进一步挖掘其应用价值。本文梳理了国内外各类重金属氧化物玻璃X/γ射线屏蔽性能的研究报道,重点围绕质量衰减系数参数的获取,总结有关学者在理论计算、蒙特卡洛模拟以及实验测量中的基本方法、主要结论、实验条件以及误差情况等,从机理和数据比对的角度概括了重金属氧化物类玻璃共性的屏蔽性能特征和规律,并比较了三种方法的优缺点和在玻璃实际设计开发中的应用价值。基于各类新型屏蔽玻璃研究文献,探讨和总结了现有研究工作中可参考的地方和存在的不足,给出了较为全面的重金属氧化物玻璃X/γ射线屏蔽性能研究思路,可为后续的研究提供有意义的参考。

In the utilization of nuclear energy and technology, shielding the radiation threat is an important means to control the dose at the site and protect the health of personnel. At present, the main shielding materials include concrete, lead and other alloys and composite materials;Heavy metal oxide glass has both good shielding performance and light transmittance, which is favored in many shielding applications. In recent years,due to the diversity of glass composition types, a large number of new glass development and shielding performance research work have been carried out to further tap its application value. In this paper, the research reports on X/γ ray shielding performance of various heavy metal oxide glasses at home and abroad are combed.Focusing on the acquisition of mass attenuation coefficient parameters, the basic methods, main conclusions, experimental conditions and errors in theoretical calculation, Monte Carlo simulation and experimental measurement are summarized. The common shielding performance characteristics and laws of heavy metal oxide glasses are summarized from the perspective of mechanism and data comparison, and the advantages and disadvantages of the three methods and their application value in the actual design and development of glasses are compared. Based on the research literatures of various new shielding glasses, this work discusses and summarizes the reference points and shortcomings in the existing research work, and gives a more comprehensive research idea of X/γ-ray shielding performance of heavy metal oxide glasses,which can provide a meaningful reference for subsequent research.