空间与进阶:意大利华人的场域拓展与上向流动

Space and Upward Mobility:Chinese Migrants’Field Expansion and Social Mobility in Italy

论文基于对意大利米兰华人街所做的海外民族志调查,将布尔迪厄的场域理论和斯图尔特·霍尔的文化表征理论进行有机接合,揭示了意大利的华人精英群体在经济场——政治场——社会场等三重空间中如何进行场域拓展,阐释了当地侨民的日常生活各节点与媒介前台互动杂糅的场域拓展和上向流动网络,并深描这种进阶路径如何在多元文化型塑下成为一种移民范式。论文认为,促使意大利华人进行场域拓展和上向流动的深层逻辑,即温州模式的世代驱动、拟家族化的实践经济、社会资本的炼金术。他们基于自身习性和各种资本创设了中国、意大利、温州三重场域的杂糅空间,初步营造了一个熟悉的自我救济的我群社会及可以追求自我价值实现的竞合场域,并有效构筑了一道可以避免与意大利主流社会文化相冲突的缓冲阀。

Applying Bourdieu’s“field theory”and Stuart Hall’s“cultural representations theory”to form an analytical framework for examining the Chinatown in Milan,the author presents an ethnographical study on the Chinese elites in Italy.The research reveals that high-profiled Chinese entrepreneurs weave migrants’daily life and public spheres into a societal network in multicultural Italy,where they expand economic,political and social fields aiming for upward mobility.It may be argued that Chinese elites’conduct in Italy has become a paradigm driven by the so-called“Wenzhou model”,which is characteristic of generations of chain migration and a quasi-family migrant economy built on sizable social capital.This paradigm results in a“we group”society,a hybrid space across China,Italy and Wenzhou,which enables Chinese elites to pursue self-fulfillment while avoiding possible collisions with mainstream Italy.