某叠岛式地铁车站火灾烟气蔓延模拟分析

Simulation Study on Fire Smoke Spread of an Stacked-isl and Type Subway Station

为研究地铁车站发生火灾时火源位置、挡烟垂壁高度及不同排烟措施对火灾的影响,以武汉某地铁车站为研究背景,通过PyroSim软件模拟在不同影响因素下管廊能见度、温度场和CO浓度的变化规律.结果表明:当火灾发生在站台中间位置时,烟气蔓延较快,3处楼梯通道均不满足逃生条件,为最不利火源位置;挡烟垂壁下沿高度满足规范的前提下,挡烟垂壁高度越大,对烟气的控制效果越好;开启机械排烟后排烟效果明显,顶棚平均温度下降11.1℃、H=2 m处CO浓度下降213 mg/m^(3);开启屏蔽门对机械排烟效果增益很小,不建议采用.

In order to study the influence of fire source location,height of smoke screen and various smoke exhaust measures on the fire of a subway station,taking a subway station in Wuhan as the research background,the changes of visibility,temperature and CO concentration in the pipe gallery under different influence factors were simulated by PYROSIM.The results show that when the fire occurs in the middle of the platform,the smoke spreads quickly,and the three stairways do not meet the escape conditions,which is the most unfavorable fire source location;on the premise that the height of the lower edge of the smoke screen meets the specification,the longer the smoke screen is,the better the control effect is.The average temperature of the ceiling decreased by 11.1℃and the CO concentration at H=2 m decreased by 213 mg/m^(3).At the same time,the smoke exhaust effect in the middle of the platform will be enhanced,but the effect at both ends of the platform will be weakened.