论信托的准主体性

Quasi-subjectivity of Trust

传统理论从权利性质及客体财产的角度去认识信托存在一定的局限性,难以解决信托财产权归属等理论问题以及实践中信托以主体形式参与市场交易所面临的困境。信托符合独立财产、独立责任能力等法主体要件,并在实践中呈现出主体化趋势,具备相当的独立性。应立足信托实践,从主体性角度寻求信托的合理定位。基于信托特殊的主体性特征,信托不能与公司、合伙、财团等主体形式等同,亦不属于简单的财产集合体,其本身可作为财产载体,是一种新的主体形式,属于未获法律认可的准主体。

Traditional theory has some limitations in understanding trust from the perspective of the nature of rights and object property. The trust not only meets the essential conditions of independent property,independent responsibility capacity and other legal subjects, but also presents a tendency of subjectivity in practice and possesses considerable independence. Based on the practice of trust, the reasonable positioning of trust should be found from the perspective of subjectivity. Based on the special subjective characteristics of trust, trust can be used as the carrier of trust property, which is a new form of subject and a quasi-subject that is not recognized by law.