年龄调整相对生存率估计及其在人群肿瘤登记资料分析中的应用

Age-standardized Relative Survival Rate and Its Application in Population-based Cancer Registration

[目的]系统介绍年龄调整相对生存率的估计方法及其应用。[方法]首先介绍来自于欧洲和全球肿瘤患者的标准年龄结构,其次对估计年龄调整相对生存率及其标准误的基本原理进行了详细描述,最后以实例分析对年龄调整相对生存率计算过程进行具体说明。[结果]利用上海市区1982—1986年胃癌患者生存随访数据作为实例,分别计算其5年相对生存率以及采用欧洲标准和全球标准调整的相对生存率。男女合计分别为14.72%、12.87%和13.03%,男性分别为15.33%、13.71%和14.03%,女性分别为13.43%、11.34%和11.35%。采用全球标准调整的5年相对生存率与未调整相对生存率更为接近。[结论]欧洲标准和全球标准的目的都是消除年龄构成不同对描述和比较肿瘤患者预后时的影响。欧洲标准年龄构成已经得到广泛应用,但采用全球标准年龄构成对相对生存率进行标准化处理可能更精准,从而更好地达到不同地区或国家、同一地区不同时期生存率进行比较的目的。

[Purpose]To introduce the statistical method of age-standardized relative survival rate and its application in population-based cancer registration.[Methods]The European and global standard age compositions were introduced firstly;then the principles of estimation for age-standardized relative survival rate and its standard error were described;finally,an example was given to illustrate the calculation for age-standardized relative survival rate.[Results]Using the survival data of stomach cancer in urban Shanghai from 1972 to 1986 as an example,the 5-year relative survival rates and the relative survival rates adjusted by European and global standards were calculated.The results were as follows:14.72%,12.87%and 13.03%for all patients,15.33%,13.71%and 14.03%for males,and 13.43%,11.34%,11.35%for female,respectively.The 5-year relative survival adjusted by global standards was closer to the original relative survival.[Conclusion]Although the European age standard has been widely used,the global age standard can eliminate the influence of different age structures to better compare the survival rates between different regions or countries,or different periods in the same region.