基于调谐黏滞质量阻尼器的浮置板轨道低频减振方法

Low frequency vibration reduction method for floating slab tracks based on tuned viscous mass damper

本文运用调谐黏滞质量阻尼器(tuned viscous mass damper,TVMD)控制系统的力学特征和工作原理,基于车辆-轨道耦合动力学理论,建立了车辆-TVMD浮置板轨道的垂向耦合动力学模型,仿真分析了车辆-TVMD浮置板轨道垂向耦合系统的动力响应特征,并与传统钢弹簧浮置板轨道系统对比,探明了TVMD系统对浮置板轨道减振性能的影响规律.结果表明,应用TVMD系统使浮置板轨道在2~8 Hz频段的加速度振级明显降低,且原钢弹簧浮置板轨道在固有频率10 Hz处附近的振动放大行为得到有效缓解,即在保证中高频段减振性能的同时,TVMD系统提高了既有隔振器以及轨道系统的隔振频率范围和低频减振效果;增加惯性放大系数可提高TVMD系统的低频减振效果,但过大的惯性放大系数会使TVMD系统内部振动的回复速度降低,产生滞后位移,从而导致钢轨和浮置板位移后峰值的放大.

Based on vehicle-track coupling dynamics,the vertical coupling dynamic model of a vehicle and steel-spring floating slab track(FST)isolated by a tuned viscous mass damper(TVMD) is established.The dynamic response characteristics of the TVMD-supported steelspring FST are compared with a traditional steel-spring FST,and in doing so,the effect of the TVMD system on the vibration reduction performance of the rail is verified.The results show that the TVMD system can significantly reduce the acceleration-vibration level of the FST in the frequency range of 2–8 Hz;moreover,the vibration amplification behavior of the original steel-spring FST near the natural frequency(10 Hz) can be effectively alleviated.In other words,the TVMD system improves the vibration-isolation frequency range and low-frequency vibration reduction effect of existing vibration isolators and orbital systems while ensuring the vibration reduction performance of medium-and high-frequency bands.Increasing the inertial amplification factor can improve the low-frequency vibration damping effect of the TVMD system,but a too large inertial amplification factor will reduce the recovery speed of the internal vibration of the TVMD system,which results in hysterical displacement,which in turn,amplifies the displacement peak of the rail and floating slab.