文化自信视域下文化保守主义审视、批判与价值引领

Review,Criticism and Value Guidance of Cultural Conservatism from the Perspective of Cultural Confidence

文化保守主义作为近现代以来中国主要社会思潮之一,历经萌发、演化、发展、蛰伏等曲折历程,在当代中国“复出”。当代中国文化保守主义在形而上的理论构建上更加注重发挥儒学的政治功能,在形而下的社会生活层面发挥了一定影响。文化保守主义对增强民族文化自信、防范西方文化霸权发挥了独特作用,但其对中国“固有文化”的自信有明显保守性和偏狭性。构建中国特色社会主义文化自信,要厘清文化保守主义的现象和实质及其与弘扬中华优秀传统文化的本质区别,进而坚决批判其关于儒家意识形态指导地位、传统文化决定论、否定革命的历史虚无主义、道德复古与泛化、鼓吹狭隘民族主义等错误主张。对文化保守主义进行价值引领,要协调好主流意识形态与儒学复兴的关系,明确文化自信的方向;协调传统文化与革命文化、社会主义先进文化的关系,明确文化自信的基础;推动优秀传统文化创造性转化与创新性发展,充实文化自信的内容;坚持在“四个自信”和“五位一体”总体布局中弘扬优秀传统文化,明确文化自信的功能;处理好民族性与开放性的关系,拓展文化自信的视野。

As one of the main social trends of thoughts in China since modern times,cultural conservatism has undergone a tortuous course of germination,evolution,development,and dormancy,and has“returned”in contemporary China.Contemporary Chinese cultural conservatism pays more attention to the political function of Confucianism in the construction of metaphysical theory,and has exerted an extensive influence on the level of metaphysical social life.It has played a unique role in enhancing national cultural confidence and preventing Western cultural hegemony,but its confidence in China's“inherent culture”is obviously conservative and intolerant.To build socialist cultural confidence with Chinese characteristics,it is necessary to clarify the essential difference between the phenomenon and essence of cultural conservatism and the promotion of excellent Chinese traditional culture,and then resolutely criticize its misleading claims on the guiding position of Confucian ideology,the determinism of traditional culture,historical nihilism that denies revolution,moral restoration and generalization and the advocacy of narrow nationalism.To guide cultural conservatism in value,it is necessary to coordinate the relationship between mainstream ideology and the revival of Confucianism,to point out the direction of cultural confidence,to coordinate the relationship between traditional culture,revolutionary culture and advanced culture,to clarify the basis of cultural confidence,to promote the creative transformation of excellent traditional culture and innovative development,to enrich the content of cultural confidence,to adhere to the promotion of excellent traditional culture in the overall layout of“four self-confidence”and“five in one”,to clarify the function of cultural confidence,to handle the relationship between nationality and openness,and to broaden the horizon of cultural confidence.