血液形态学检验在缺铁性贫血诊断及预后评估中的价值

Value of blood morphology test in diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of iron deficiency anemia

目的探讨血液形态学检验在缺铁性贫血诊断及预后评估中的价值。方法选取2018年1月至2020年7月于我院就诊的120例缺铁性贫血患者作为观察组,另选取同期于我院门诊进行健康体检的120例健康志愿者作为对照组。检测两组研究对象的血液细胞数量、血液形态学指标;观察组给予3个月的治疗,根据预后情况将其分为预后不良组和预后良好组。比较观察组和对照组,预后不良组和预后良好组的血液细胞数量、血液形态学指标;分析血液细胞数量、血液形态学指标与缺铁性贫血患者预后的相关性;比较血液细胞数量检验、血液形态学检验及联合检验对缺铁性贫血患者预后的评估结果。结果观察组的Hb水平、RBC、MCV、MCH均低于对照组,RDW高于对照组(P<0.05)。预后良好组的Hb水平、RBC、MCV、MCH均高于预后不良组,RDW低于预后不良组(P<0.05)。Spearman相关性分析结果显示,Hb、RBC、MCV、MCH与缺铁性贫血的预后呈正相关,RDW与缺铁性贫血的预后呈负相关(P<0.05)。联合检验对缺铁性贫血患者预后不良评估的灵敏度、特异度、准确度均高于血液细胞数量检验、血液形态学检验(P<0.05),而血液形态学检验的灵敏度、特异度、准确度均高于血液细胞数量检验(P<0.05)。结论血液形态学检验可准确检出缺铁性贫血,还可对其预后进行准确预测,且在此基础上联合血液细胞数量检验的效果更显著。

Objective To explore the value of blood morphology test in diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of iron deficiency anemia.Methods A total of 120 patients with iron deficiency anemia treated in our hospital from January 2018 to July 2020 were selected as observation group,and another 120 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examination in our hospital at the same period were selected as control group.The number of blood cells and blood morphological indexes of the two groups were tested;the observation group was given treatment for 3 months and were divided into poor prognosis group and good prognosis group according to the prognosis.The number of blood cells and blood morphological indexes of the observation group and the control group,the poor prognosis group and the good prognosis group were compared;the correlation between the number of blood cells,blood morphological indexes and the prognosis of patients with iron deficiency anemia were analyzed;evaluation results of the prognosis of patients with iron deficiency anemia by blood cell count test,blood morphology test and combined test were compared.Results The Hb level,RBC,MCV and MCH in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and RDW was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The Hb level,RBC,MCV and MCH in the good prognosis group were higher than those in the poor prognosis group,and RDW was lower than that in the poor prognosis group(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis result showed that Hb,RBC,MCV and MCH were positively correlated with the prognosis of iron deficiency anemia,and RDW was negatively correlated with the prognosis of iron deficiency anemia(P<0.05).The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of combined test for poor prognosis evaluation of patients with iron deficiency anemia were higher than those of blood cell number test and blood morphology test(P<0.05),while the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of blood morphology test were higher than those of blood cell number test(P<0.05).Conclusion Blood morphology test can accurately detect iron deficiency anemia and accurately predict the prognosis,on this basis,the effect of combined blood cell count test is more significant.