湿陷性黄土区复杂地基上高层建筑岩土勘察设计要点浅析

Analysis on the key points of geotechnical investigation and design of highrise buildings on complex foundation in collapsible loess area

高层建筑基底压力大,对沉降敏感,破坏后果很严重,相较于其他一般建筑,对地基和基础的稳定性要求更高,而湿陷性黄土在未受水浸湿时强度较高,浸水后,土结构迅速破坏,进而产生不均匀沉降,造成基础破裂。为了解决在湿陷性黄土峁、梁地区高层建筑建设过程中碰到的岩土工程技术问题,在查阅文献资料的基础上,结合工程实际经验,对湿陷性黄土峁、梁地区高层建筑工程勘察、设计及施工中主要考虑的问题进行分析,采用严格分阶段进行勘察、地基处理消除湿陷、按设计填筑土方并对坡面防护、桩基无水分段施工然后快速浇筑并扩大检测范围等手段,使得湿陷性黄土区上的高层建筑基础得以安全可靠投入使用。由此可知,详尽的勘察、针对性设计、良好的施工加之可靠的检测是湿陷性黄土区复杂地基上进行高层建筑所必不可少的。

High-rise buildings have high base pressure and are sensitive to settlement,when damaged,the consequences are serious.Compared with other general buildings,high-rise buildings have higher requirements on the stability of foundations.Collapsible loess has high strength when not wetted by water,but once wetted,the posterior soil structure is destroyed quickly,then uneven settlement occurs and the foundation is pulled apart,which cause great harm to buildings.In order to solve the geotechnical technical problems encountered in the construction of high-rise buildings in the collapsible loess mound and beam areas,the paper based on the literature and combined with the actual engineering experiences,analyzed the main considerations in the survey,design and construction of high-rise buildings in the collapsible loess mound and beam areas,and adopted the methods of strict phased survey,foundation treatment to eliminate collapsibility,filling earth according to design and slope protection,subsection construction and rapid pouring when pile foundation without water,expanding detection range and so on,which make the high-rise buildings foundations on the collapsible loess area safe and reliable into use.It can be seen that detailed survey,targeted design,good construction and reliable inspection are essential for construction of high-rise buildings on complex foundations of collapsible loess areas.