外泌体在心肌梗死中作用机制的研究进展

Research Progress of Mechanisms of Exosomes in Myocardial Infarction

心肌梗死是导致人类死亡的主要原因之一,严重危害人类健康。外泌体是细胞分泌形成的膜囊泡小体,可以通过血液循环到达远端组织,直接与靶细胞交流,并快速调节细胞内信号。外泌体还可通过其携带的微RNA、蛋白质、脂质等生物分子参与抗凋亡、改善心脏功能、促进血管生成等生理病理过程。外泌体不仅可作为心肌梗死的诊断标志物,还在心肌梗死的治疗和预防中具有重要意义。深入研究外泌体在心肌梗死后心脏修复中的具体机制,可为心肌梗死的诊断和治疗提供新思路。

Myocardial infarction is one of the main causes of human death,seriously endangering human health.Exosomes are membrane vesicles formed by cell secretion,which can reach remote tissues through blood circulation,communicate directly with target cells,and quickly regulate intracellular signals.Exosomes can also participate in physiological and pathological processes such as anti-apoptosis,improvement of cardiac function,and promotion of angiogenesis through biological molecules such as microRNA,protein,and lipids they carry.Exosomes not only can be used as diagnostic markers of myocardial infarction,but also have great significance in the treatment and prevention of myocardial infarction.Further study on the specific mechanisms of exosomes in cardiac repair after myocardial infarction can provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of myocardial infarction.