基于数字孪生的自动驾驶交通场景构建研究

Research on Construction of Autonomous Driving Traffic Scene Based on Digital Twin

伴随着人工智能、物联网以及通信技术的发展,自动驾驶汽车也被提上日程。传统汽车的测试工具和方法已不能满足自动驾驶技术升级带来全新的测试需求。基于交通场景数字孪生的测试方法在测试效率、测试成本和安全方面具有巨大的优势,是未来自动驾驶测试的重要手段,并成为自动驾驶领域的一个重大研究方向。在调研大量文献的基础上,首先从测试安全的角度,阐述虚拟交通场景对自动驾驶测试的重要性;其次,对数字孪生技术进行综述,主要包括数字孪生的概念介绍、数字孪生技术的主流应用、数字孪生技术与传统仿真的区别;再次,将数字孪生应用于自动驾驶虚拟的交通场景的构建中;最后,对数字孪生应用于自动驾驶系统的研究提出了一些展望。研究结果表明:利用数字孪生技术对自动驾驶的交通场景进行构建,不仅能够保证测试的安全性,且在很大程度上提升自动驾驶算法测试的精度和效率。

With the development of artificial intelligence,Internet of Things,and communication technology,autonomous vehicles have also been put on the agenda.Traditional automotive testing tools and methods can no longer meet the new testing requirements brought about by the upgrade of autonomous driving technology.The test method based on the digital twin of the traffic scene has huge advantages in test efficiency,test cost and safety.It is an important means for future autonomous driving tests and has become a major research direction in the field of autonomous driving.On the basis of investigating a large number of documents,firstly,from the perspective of test safety,explain the importance of virtual traffic scenarios for autonomous driving testing;secondly,summarize the digital twin technology,mainly including the concept of digital twin and the mainstream application of digital twin technology.The difference between digital twin technology and traditional simulation;thirdly,the application of digital twins in the construction of autonomous driving virtual traffic scenes;finally,some prospects for the application of digital twins in autonomous driving systems are put forward;the research results show that:use digital The twin technology constructs autonomous driving traffic scenarios,which not only guarantees the safety of the test,but also improves the accuracy and efficiency of the automatic driving algorithm test to a large extent.