职业教育高质量发展的理论阐释与实践图景——基于《关于推动现代职业教育高质量发展的意见》的政策分析

Theoretical Interpretation and Practical Prospect of High-quality Development of Vocational Education:Policy Analysis Based on Opinions on Promoting the High-quality Development of Modern Vocational Education

职业教育与经济社会发展联系最为紧密和直接,理解职业教育高质量发展的基本理论问题,应建立在其实践的背景、模式、方法等基础之上。本研究通过对《关于推动现代职业教育高质量发展的意见》的文本解读,发现职业教育高质量发展从政策制定层面看是由规模到质量、再到高质量的发展阶段;从政策要素层面看是将高质量发展理念融入职业教育体制、机制及教育教学改革过程中,通过多维协作满足经济社会发展和人民群众职业教育权利双重需要的内生发展模式;从政策工具层面看是职业教育治理现代化的发展取向。新时期职业教育政策实践图景应基于多维融通理念,目标之维瞄准定位精度,主体之维凸显参与广度,内容之维挖掘课程深度,方式之维拓宽实践长度,加快推动现代职业教育高质量发展美好愿景的实现。

Vocational education has the most close and direct relation with economic and social development.To understand the basic theory of high-quality development of vocational education,it should be based on the background,mode and method of its practice.Through the text interpretation of Opinions on Promoting the High-quality Development of Modern Vocational Education,this study finds that the high-quality development stages of vocational education are from the development of scale to the development of quality and then to the high-quality development from the perspective of policy making;from the perspective of policy elements,it is an endogenous development model that integrates the concept of high-quality development into the vocational education system,mechanism and education and teaching reform,and satisfies the dual needs of economic and social development and people's vocational education rights through multiple joint forces.From the perspective of policy tools,it is the development orientation of the modernization of vocational education governance.Hence,the practical picture of vocational education policy in the new era should be based on the idea of multi-dimensional integration,aiming at the precision of target,highlighting the breadth of participation of subject,exploring the depth of curriculum and expanding the length of practice from the dimension of content,so as to accelerate the realization of the good vision of high-quality development of modern vocational education.