小学段落实立德树人根本任务:问题、举措与实践经验——基于典型案例的分析

Primary Schools to Implement the Fundamental Task of Fostering Virtue Through Education:Problems,Measures and Practical Experience--Analysis Based on Typical Cases of 27 Primary Schools in 11 Provinces or Municipalities

立德树人是教育的根本任务,健全落实机制是关键。该文以国家社科重大课题“立德树人的落实机制研究”为依托,采用典型案例分析方法,对课题组所征集的小学段立德树人优秀案例进行分析。这些案例学校为了克服当前学校育人方式难以切合学生实情、学科育人有效性不足、教育评价滞后以及各育人主体难以形成合力等普遍性难题,从创设良好校园文化、推进课程教学改革、拓宽育人实践路径、完善教育评价体系以及多主体协同共育等多方面展开实践探索,努力攻克育人难题,为落实立德树人根本任务提供了丰富而有效的实践经验。在案例学校的实践基础上,结合小学生身心发展规律和教育规律,研究最后建构出了文化育人、课程育人、实践育人、评价育人和协同育人“五大育人模块”,作为小学段落实立德树人根本任务的实践探索成果。

Fostering virtue through education is the fundamental task of education,and the key to implement this task is to improve the implementation mechanism.Based on the major project of National Social Science“Research on the implementation mechanism of fostering virtue through education”,this paper adopts the method of typical case analysis to analyzing the excellent cases of primary schools that is collected by the research group.In order to overcome the general problems of current school education,which include that school education mode is not suitable for the students,the insufficiency of effectiveness of curriculum education,the lagging education evaluation,and the insufficiency of joint force of different educational subjects,these schools haved carried out a lot of practical explorations,such as creating good campus culture,promoting the reform of course teaching,broading the way of practical education,perfecting the evaluation system and promoting collaboration of multi-agent in educational field.These explorations provides rich and effective practical experience for implementation of the task of fostering virtue through education.On the basis of the practice of the case schools as well as the law of physical and mental development of pupils and the laws of education,this paper finally constructs the“five modules of education”,which includes cultural education,curriculum education,practice education,evaluational education and collaborative education.The“five modules of education”constitutes the specific practical experience of the primary school to implement the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education.