日本对“跟踪纠缠”行为的处罚及启示

Japan's Punishment of Stalking Behavior and Its Implications

日本的《跟踪纠缠处罚法》是基于1999年发生的凶杀案为契机制定的,自2000年制定《跟踪纠缠处罚法》以来,每当发生新类型的跟踪纠缠事件后,不得不予以修订。这部法律迄今为止分别于2013年、2016年、2021年共修订了三次。第一次修订将发送电子邮件行为纳入处罚对象中,第二次修订内容包括加强处罚SNS相关的跟踪纠缠行为,第三次修订添加了处罚在没有得到对方允许的情形下,通过定位设备获取位置信息以及未经对方允诺安装定位设备的行为。日本制定《跟踪纠缠处罚法》与三次修订的具体内容,以及从立法、官方和民间机构合作等形式解决跟踪纠缠问题的做法,具有一定的借鉴与启示意义。

Japan's Stalker Regulation Law was formulated based on the homicide that occurred in 1999.Since the enactment of the Stalker Regulation Law in 2000,every time a new type of stalking incident occurs,it had to be revised.The law has been revised three times in 2013,2016,and 2021.In the first revision,the behavior of sending e-mail was included in the objects of penalty,and in the second revision,the stalking behavior related to SNS was strengthened.The third revision added punishment for obtaining location information through Global Positioning System without the permission of the other party and installing positioning equipment without the consent of the other party.The specific contents of Japan's Stalker Regulation Law and its three revisions,as well as the ways to solve the stalking problem in the form of legislation and official and non-governmental cooperation,has some implications for China.