铁死亡调节剂及其在脑卒中中的作用研究进展

Research progress on ferroptosis regulators and their role in stroke

脑卒中是由于脑部供血不足、脑血管血压升高或脑血管硬化引起局部脑组织发生不可逆损伤的脑部血管疾病,并伴随脑神经元的大量死亡。目前发现凋亡、坏死等多种死亡形式共同导致神经元损伤,而阻断凋亡或坏死却无法完全抑制神经元受损,因此积极寻找新的死亡方式将有助于脑卒中的防治。铁死亡是一种以铁依赖性脂质过氧化为主要特征的细胞死亡方式,在多种疾病中发挥关键作用。研究证实脑卒中发病过程中神经元细胞发生铁死亡,抑制铁死亡对脑卒中具有保护作用。本文将论述谷胱甘肽代谢、游离Fe^(2+)及脂质过氧化在铁死亡中的作用,以及针对三者所发现的铁死亡调节剂,并综述了神经元铁死亡与脑卒中发生机制的相关性以及铁死亡阻断剂对脑卒中的潜在治疗作用。

Stroke is a brain injury caused by sudden rupture or blockage of blood vessels in the brain,with different types and varying degrees death in cellular level.And there is currently no effective treatment for it.Ferroptosis is a new type of cell death discovered in recent years that is related to factors such as lipid peroxides,reactive oxygen species(ROS),and Fe^(2+).Early studies reported that iron accumulation and oxidative damage would occur during the process of stroke.And using iron modifier and free radical scavenger can partially inhibit stroke.Recent studies found that ferroptosis occur in the onset of stroke,but the relationship between the mechanism of ferroptosis and the etiology of stroke is rarely reported.This article reviews the mechanism of ferroptosis(including the disorder of x_(c)^(-) system,the accumulation of free Fe^(2+) and the formation of lipid peroxide),and reviews the etiology of stroke and the application of ferroptosis regulators in stroke.