产业政策对企业全要素生产率的作用机制——基于国家自主创新示范区的准自然实验

The Mechanism of Industrial Policy and Firm's Total Factor Productivity:Research on a Quasi-Natural Experiment of Self-dependent Innovation Demonstration Area

产业政策能否提升企业全要素生产率是产业经济领域的重要问题。采用准自然实验方法,利用国家自主创新示范区相关数据研究产业政策对企业全要素生产率的影响。结果发现,总体上产业政策能够显著提升区内企业全要素生产率,但不同所有制企业对产业政策的吸收程度不同。相较于国有企业,非国有企业更容易受产业政策激励,进而提升全要素生产率。进一步研究显示,产业政策作用程度和企业所处行业对全要素生产率的影响不同,产业政策能够显著提升重点扶持企业和资本密集型企业全要素生产率。将技术创新作为产业政策和企业全要素生产率的中介变量,分析表明,90%的产业政策均通过技术创新作用于企业全要素生产率,政府可以通过技术创新这一手段实施有针对性的产业政策,从而提升企业全要素生产率。

Whether industrial policy can improve the total factor productivity of enterprises is an important issue in the field of industrial economy.This paper uses the quasi-natural experiment to study the impact of industrial policies on the total factor productivity of enterprises in the self-dependent innovation demonstration area.The study find that industrial policies have significantly improved the total factor productivity of enterprises in the area,but the absorption levels of industrial policies are different for different ownership enterprises.Compared with state-owned enterprises.Non-state-owned enterprises are more likely to receive industrial policy incentives to improve total factor productivity.Further research found that the role of industrial policies and the impact of industries in which enterprises are located have different effects on total factor productivity.Industrial policies have significantly improved the total factor productivity of key supporting enterprises and capital-intensive enterprises.After taking technological innovation as an intermediary variable between industrial policy and total factor productivity.It was found that 90%of industrial policy is acting on corporate total factor productivity through technological innovation.The government can use technological innovation as a tool to implement targeted industrial policies to improve the total factor productivity of enterprises.