支气管扩张症动物模型研究进展

Research progress in animal models of bronchiectasis

支气管扩张症是由感染和支气管阻塞引起的支气管慢性炎症性疾病,其特点为反复发作、治疗疗程长,由于该病发病率和致死率增加,逐渐引起世界各国关注。我国既往研究多采用铜绿假单胞菌气管内滴注法建立大鼠支气管扩张症模型,国外研究多采用小鼠支气管扩张症模型,近年来又新增类器官模型等,为支气管扩张症基础研究提供了更多可选择的模型。本文对新增支气管扩张症小鼠模型进展作一综述,包括藻酸盐、琼脂或琼脂糖珠包埋菌液气管插管滴入铜绿假单胞菌、脓肿分枝杆菌、粘滑口腔球菌等细菌感染,IFT88、Cby、Pkd2等纤毛基因敲除小鼠建立支气管扩张症模型及人肺类器官、气液界面组织培养等呼吸道类器官模型,以供本病研究参考。

Bronchiectasis is a chronic inflammatory bronchial disease caused by infection and bronchial obstruction.It is characterized by repeated attacks and long treatment course.Due to the increased incidence and mortality of the disease,it has gradually attracted worldwide attention.Previous studies in China mostly adopte endotracheal infusion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to establish the model of bronchiectasis in rats.Foreign studies mostly use the mouse model of bronchiectasis.In recent years,organoid models have been added to provide more alternative models for basic research on bronchiectasis.In this review,we reviewed the progress of the mouse model of new bronchiectasis,including alginate,agar or agarose globules,endotracheal intubation with Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Mycobacterium abscess,and Stomatococcus mucilaginosus.The model of bronchiectasis is established in IFT88,Cby,Pkd2,and other ciliated gene knockout mice,and the model of respiratory tract organ such as human lung organ and gas-liquid interface tissue culture was established for reference in the study of this disease.