基于国家专利数据库分析中药复方治疗糖尿病肾病的用药规律

Analysis on the medicine law of traditional Chinese medicine compound prescriptions in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy based on national patent database

目的通过数据挖掘技术研究我国近20年治疗糖尿病肾病专利中药复方的用药规律。方法检索中国知网专利数据库2000年1月1日至2020年12月31日公开发表的治疗糖尿病肾病的中药复方,将符合研究要求的中药复方录入中医传承辅助平台V2.5,采用频数统计、关联规则分析等方法对药物使用频次、性味、归经、组方规律等进行分析。结果共筛选出符合条件的专利复方214条,涉及中药374种。使用频次排名前五的药物依次为黄芪、丹参、山药、大黄、山茱萸,药物分类排名前三的依次为补虚药(补气药为主)、活血化瘀药、利水渗湿药,四气排名前三的依次为温性、寒性、平性,五味排名前三的依次为甘味、苦味、辛味,归经排名前三的依次为肝经、脾经、肾经。根据关联规则分析出常用药对7对,并通过熵聚类方法分析出新方4首。结论治疗糖尿病肾病的专利中药复方以补虚祛邪为法,补虚以补气、补肝肾为主,祛邪以活血、利湿、清热为主,可供临床参考。

Objective To study the medicine law of patent traditional Chinese medicine compound prescriptions in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy in China in the past 20 years through data mining techniques.Methods Traditional Chinese medicine compound prescriptions in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy in CNKI patent database from January 1,2000 to December 31,2020 were searched,and traditional Chinese medicine compound prescriptions met the research requirements were recorded into traditional Chinese medicine inheritance support system V2.5.The frequency of drug usage,flavour,meridian tropism and prescription laws were analyzed by using the methods of frequency statistics,association rule analysis,and so on.Results A total of 214 patent prescriptions were selected,involving 374 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine,and the top five medicines in the rank of use frequency were Radix Astragali seu Hedysari,Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae,Rhizoma Dioscoreae,Radix et Rhizoma Rhei,Fructus Corni;the top three of drugs classifies were tonifying deficiency drugs(tonifying qi drugs were mainly used),promoting blood circulation for removing blood stasis drugs,promoting diuresis and permeating dampness drugs;the top three of four nature of drugs were warm,cold and flat;the top three of five flavours were sweet,bitter and pungent;and the top three of channel tropism were liver meridian,spleen meridian and kidney meridian.According to association rules,seven pairs of commonly used couplet medicines were analyzed,and four new prescriptions were analyzed by entropy clustering method.Conclusion Traditonal Chinese medicine patent compound prescriptions for treating diabetic nephropathy are mainly tonifying deficiency and eliminating pathogen,tonifying deficiency mainly involves tonifying qi,tonifying liver and kidney,eliminating pathogen mainly involves promoting blood circulation,promoting dampness and clearing heat,which can be used as a clinical reference.