成人下颌前行管的锥形束CT影像学研究

Imaging study of the mandibular forward canal in adults based on cone beam CT

目的探讨成年人群下颌神经管影像学特征,为临床下颌骨手术提供参考。方法随机抽取2018年1月至2021年1月就诊于贵阳市口腔医院的成年患者锥形束CT(cone beam CT,CBCT)影像学资料1000例,观察其下颌前行管及其余分支,统计前行管在下颌升支区、磨牙后区、磨牙区的发生率以及到下颌骨各位点的距离。结果本研究最终观察患者901例(1802侧),有386例患者发现了下颌神经管分支,发生率为42.84%;有182例患者发现前行管(男性97例,女性85例),占总人数的20.20%(182/901),共发现225侧下颌骨有前行管,左侧下颌有101例,右侧有124例,性别和左右侧差异无统计学意义。前行管主要发生在磨牙区、磨牙后区和升支区,而前行管起点在升支区最好发,止点在磨牙区发生最多(P<0.05)。前行管平均长度(L1)为(10.364±3.833)mm;前行管到下颌神经管主干的平均高度(L2)为(3.623±2.035)mm;前行管到牙槽嵴顶的平均高度(L3)为(9.280±3.240)mm。结论下颌神经管分支普遍存在,男女及左右侧分布无差异;下颌前行管在磨牙区发生率最高。

Objective To explore the imaging characteristics of the mandibular nerve canal in adults to provide a reference for clinical mandibular surgery.Methods One thousand adult patients in Guiyang Stomatological Hospital from January 2018 to January 2021 were randomly selected.Cone beam CT(CBCT)was used to observe the anterior mandibular canal and other branches,and the incidence of anterior canal in the mandibular ramus area,posterior molar area and molar area and the distance to each point of the mandible were measured.Results Of the 901 patients(1802 sides)included in the study,386 patients(42.84%)found branches of the mandibular canal,and 182 patients(97 males and 85 females)found the Anterograde Canal 20.20%(182/901).In total,225 mandibles were found to have anterior canals.There were 101 cases of left mandible and 124 cases of right mandible.The forward canal mainly oc⁃curred in the molar area,the molar posterior area and the ascending branch area,and the ascending branch area was the best starting point of the forward canal and the molar stopping point(P<0.05).The average length of the forward ca⁃nal(L1)was(10.364±3.833)mm,the average height of the forward canal to the main trunk of the mandibular nerve(L2⁃RRB)was(3.623±2.035)mm,and the average height of the forward canal to the crest of the alveolar ridL3(l3)was(9.280±3.240)mm.Conclusion Mandibular nerve canal branches are common,and there were no differences in male,female and lateral distribution.In this study,the incidence of mandibular anterior canal was the highest,and it of⁃ten occurred in the molar area.