线粒体功能与口腔鳞状细胞癌关系的研究进展

Research progress on the relationship between mitochondrial function and oral squamous cell carcinoma

口腔鳞状细胞癌(oral squamous cell carcinoma,OSCC)是头颈部常见的恶性肿瘤,近来发病率呈逐年上升的趋势。线粒体是真核细胞中参与多种细胞行为的动态细胞器,线粒体功能障碍与肿瘤发展关系密切,作为决定癌细胞死亡的开关,靶向线粒体已成为OSCC治疗的重点。本文对线粒体与肿瘤发生发展、OSCC治疗以及顺铂耐药性OSCC的关系进行综述。目前研究发现:线粒体功能障碍促进细胞癌变,癌细胞的线粒体形态及功能均发生显著改变;线粒体裂变的增加提高癌细胞的侵袭性,线粒体自噬功能失调可诱导癌细胞凋亡;新型药物的出现以及定向药物递送系统纳米技术的发展开拓了靶向线粒体治疗OSCC的新方法,降低了全身用药的副作用;OSCC的顺铂耐药性通过线粒体途径产生,明确线粒体功能及线粒体DNA的突变机制,为靶向线粒体治疗顺铂耐药性OSCC提供新思路。

Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is a common malignant tumor of the head and neck.In recent years,the incidence rate has been increasing.Mitochondria are dynamic organelles involved in various cell behaviors in eukaryotic cells.Mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to tumor development.As a switch that determines cancer cell death,targeting mitochondria has become the focus of OSCC treatment.This article reviews the relationship be⁃tween mitochondria and tumorigenesis and development,OSCC treatment,and cisplatin resistant OSCC.Current studies have found that mitochondrial dysfunction promotes cell carcinogenesis,and the mitochondrial morphology and function of cancer cells are significantly changed.The increase of mitochondrial fission improves the invasiveness of cancer cells,and mitophagy dysfunction can induce cancer cell apoptosis.The emergence of drugs and the development of nan⁃otechnology in targeted drug delivery systems have opened up new methods for targeting mitochondria to treat OSCC,re⁃ducing the side effects of systemic medication.The cisplatin resistance of OSCC is generated through the mitochondrial pathway,and the mitochondrial function and mutation mechanism of mitochondrial DNA are clarified in order to provide new ideas for targeting mitochondria to treat cisplatin resistant OSCC.