新疆三个不同盐碱地区土壤沉积物中细菌多样性分析

Analysis of bacterial diversity in soil sediments of three saline alkali areas in Xinjiang

运用高通量测序技术对新疆巴里坤湖、阿勒泰福海阿尔达乡盐湖、吐鲁番亚尔乃孜沟三个盐碱地区土壤沉积物的细菌进行序列测定和分析,发现三个不同盐碱土壤沉积物中菌落构成在门水平和属水平均存在差异,阿勒泰福海阿尔达乡盐湖土壤沉积物中物种总数最多且具有丰富的多样性,其次是巴里坤湖地区土壤沉积物,而吐鲁番地区土壤沉积物中物种总数和多样性最少,三个不同盐碱土壤沉积物中细菌的丰度、多样性差异有统计学意义(Z_(chao)=9.373,F_(shannon)=1497.94,F_(Simpson)=159.46,P<0.05)。门水平看三个不同盐碱地区土壤沉积物中共有的优势菌门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria),其次是拟杆菌门(Bacteroides),门水平上差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。三个不同盐碱地区土壤沉积物共获得827个不同的菌属,巴里坤地区土壤沉积物气单胞菌属(Aeromonas)、热带小单胞菌属(Tropicimonas)丰度较高;阿勒泰地区是气单胞菌属丰度较高;吐鲁番地区优势菌群则是鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)和柄杆菌属(Caulobacter),属水平上差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。本研究得出三个不同盐碱地区土壤沉积物中细菌多样性在门水平和属水平细菌组成和丰度存均在差异,且具有不同的优势菌,为微生物资源开发利用及医药研发提供了前期研究基础。

High throughput sequencing technology was used to sequence and analyze the bacteria in soil sediments of three saline alkali areas:Balikun Lake,Alda Salt Lake of Aletaifu Lake,and Yarnaizi Valley in Turpan,Xinjiang. It was found that the composition of colonies in three different saline alkali soil sediments were different at the phylum level and genus level. The total number and diversity of species in the soil sediments of Alda Salt Lake of Aletaifu Lake were the most,followed by the soil sediments of Balikun lake,while the total number and diversity of species in the soil sediments of Turpan were the least. There were statistically significant differences in the abundance and diversity of bacteria in the three different saline alkali soil sediments(Z;=9. 373,F;=1497. 94,F;=159. 46,P<0. 05). At the phylum level,Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum in the soil sediments of three different saline alkali areas,followed by Bacteroides. There was significant difference at the phylum level(P<0. 05). A total of 827 different bacterial genera were obtained from soil sediments in three different saline alkali areas. Aeromonas and Tropicamonas in soil sediments in Balikun area had higher abundance;the abundance of Aeromonas was higher in Alda area;the dominant flora in Turpan area were Sphingomonas and Caulobacter. There was significant difference in genus level(P<0. 05). This study shows that the bacterial diversity,bacterial composition and abundance in soil sediments of three different saline alkali areas are different at the phylum level and genus level,and have different dominant bacteria,which provides a preliminary research basis for the development and utilization of microbial resources and pharmaceutical research and development.