深色纯棉衣物经多次家庭洗涤后磨白现象研究

A study on the frosting issue of dark color cotton garments after repeated home laundries

研究了深色纯棉衣物经多次家庭洗涤后出现褪色和磨白现象的原因,并探讨了液氨处理和树脂整理的改善效果。通过扫描电镜观察了深色衣物在家庭洗涤后不同部位的纤维受损情况;设计模拟洗涤试验,考察了洗涤过程中机械作用力和洗涤剂用量对洗涤前后织物颜色变化和染料脱落量的影响。结果表明:洗涤剂是导致洗涤过程中染料水解脱落的主要原因,洗涤过程中的机械作用对纤维的损伤及原纤化起主要作用;针织服装经多次家庭洗涤后的褪色磨白是染料水解脱落、纤维损伤及原纤化而引起织物表面对光的折/反射行为变化的共同作用的结果;液氨处理和树脂整理可以有效提高深色纯棉衣物在家庭洗涤前后的保色性能,并改善衣物的磨白现象。

This paper studies the mechanism of fading and frosting issue of cotton garments after repeated home laundries and tries to improve the problem with liquid ammonia treatment and resin finish.The damage situation and fibrillation of the surface fiber for different parts of the garments have been investigated through SEM.A simulated home laundry experiment is conducted to investigate the effect of detergent and mechani⁃cal friction to the color retention and dyestuff hydrolysis.The results show detergent is the main cause of dye⁃stuff hydrolysis while the mechanical interaction is the main cause of the fiber damage and fibrillation.The fad⁃ing and frosting issue of the dark color cotton garment is the combined result of dyestuff hydrolysis and fiber damage which changes the refraction and reflection of the surface fiber.Liquid ammonia treatment and resin finish are confirmed to be effective methods to improve the issue.