高通量测序技术在阴道感染性疾病的病原鉴定及诊断中的应用

Application of next-generation sequencing technology in pathogen identification and diagnosis of vaginal infectious diseases

阴道感染性疾病是育龄妇女最常见的妇科疾病,其主要的类型有细菌性阴道病和外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病。目前的临床诊断主要包括病原体的显微镜观察以及病原体代谢物的检测等,但因其诊断阳性率低、敏感性低等限制,导致抗感染药物选择困难、治愈率低、复发率高等。本综述在比较阴道感染性疾病,特别是细菌性阴道病以及外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病临床常见诊断方法的基础上,介绍了高通量测序技术在细菌性阴道病和外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的病原体鉴定及诊断中的应用,以期为阴道感染性疾病的诊断、治疗及愈后提供实验依据。

Vaginal infectious diseases are the most common gynecological diseases in women of reproductive age.The main types are bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis.At present,the clinical diagnostic methods mainly include microscopic observation of pathogens and the detection of pathogen metabolites.However,low positive rate and low sensitivity often lead to difficult selection of anti-infection drugs,low cure rate and high recurrence rate.Based on the comparison of common clinical diagnosis methods of vaginosis,especially between that of bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis,this review introduced the application of next-generation sequencing technology in pathogen identification and diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis,so as to provide experimental basis for the diagnosis and treatment of vaginosis and recovery.