上海市普陀区急性呼吸道感染病原监测及腺病毒基因特征分析

Pathogen surveillance of acute respiratory infection and genetic characteristics of adenovirus in Putuo district of Shanghai

目的了解2015—2019年上海市普陀区急性呼吸道感染主要呼吸道病毒病原特征,并研究腺病毒的基因特征,为呼吸道病毒的防控特别是腺病毒的防控提供实验室依据。方法收集2015—2019年普陀区监测医院内急性呼吸道感染病例的咽拭子标本,使用多重PCR方法进行呼吸道病原体的检测,并对腺病毒阳性标本扩增Hexon基因测序分析。结果共检测775例标本,检出阳性525例,阳性率为64.74%。甲型流感病毒检出率最高,占66.48%(349/525);其次为乙型流感病毒,占12%(63/525);腺病毒占5.14%(27/525);鼻病毒占3.81%(20/525);肠道病毒占3.24%(17/525);冠状病毒占3.05%(16/525);副流感病毒占2.67%(14/525);人偏肺病毒占2.48%(13/525);人博卡病毒占0.38%(2/525),呼吸道合胞病毒未检出。27例腺病毒Hexon基因测序分析显示腺病毒3型17例,7型7例,4型2例,5型1例。结论上海市普陀地区急性呼吸道感染以流感病毒为主,腺病毒次之,腺病毒感染以3型和7型为主。

Objective To investigate the pathogenic characteristics of major respiratory viruses of acute respiratory infections in Putuo district,Shanghai from 2015 to 2019,and to study the genetic characteristics of adenovirus,so as to provide laboratory evidences for the prevention and control of respiratory viruses,especially adenovirus.Methods Throat swab specimens of acute respiratory infection cases were collected from the sentinel hospital in Putuo district from 2015 to 2019.The respiratory pathogens were detected with multiplex PCR.Hexon gene of adenovirus was amplified and sequenced for adenovirus positive samples.Results A total of 775 specimens were tested and 525 cases were positive with a positive detection rate of 64.74%.The detection rate of influenza A virus was the highest,accounting for 66.48%(349/525).The second highest was influenza B virus,accounting for 12%(63/525).The positive detection rates of adenovirus,rhinovirus,enterovirus,coronavirus,parainfluenza virus,human metapneumovirus,and human bocavirus were 5.14%(27/525),3.81%(20/525),3.24%(17/525),3.05%(16/525),2.67%(14/525),2.48%(13/525)and 0.38%(2/525),respectively.No respiratory syncytial virus was detected.The analysis of 27 sequences of adenovirus hexon gene showed that 17 cases were HAdV-3,7 cases were HAdV-7,2 cases were HAdV-4,and 1 was HAdV-5.Conclusions The main pathogen of acute respiratory infections in Putuo district of Shanghai was influenza virus while adenoviruses ranked the second.Adenovirus infections were mainly caused by HAdV-3 and HAdV-7.