美国得州“2.15停电”事件分析及对山东电力市场的启示

Analysis of the“2.15 Power Outage”in Texas,USA and Its Enlightenment to Shandong Electric Power Retail Market

2021年2月15日—19日美国得克萨斯州(以下简称得州)出现大范围停电,在国际范围内引起广泛关注。本文梳理事件经过,结合得州电力系统和电力市场情况,分析并指出极寒天气下电力负荷激增、能源供应基础设施抵御极寒天气能力弱导致出力骤降、外部电力支援能力弱导致供需不平衡、市场机制未能有效激励基础设施投资改造是造成事件的主要原因。基于此,结合山东电力资源禀赋和电力市场发展的实际,提出建立科学的容量充裕性保障机制、完善省间与省内市场衔接机制、提高中长期交易灵活性、完善零售市场交易机制、规范信息披露、建立市场应急机制等山东电力市场建设建议。

From February 15 to 19,2021,a large⁃scale blackout occurred in Texas in the United States,which caused widespread concern internationally.The process of power outage was combed combined with the situation of Texas power system and power market.It was analyzed and pointed out that the main causes of the event were the surge of power load in extreme cold weather,the sudden drop of output caused by the weak ability of energy supply infrastructure to resist extreme cold weather,the imbalance between supply and demand caused by the weak ability of external power support,and the failure of market mechanism to effectively stimulate infrastructure investment and transformation.Combined with the reality of Shandong power resource endowment and power market development,some suggestions for the construction of Shandong power market were put forward,such as establishing a scientific capacity adequacy guarantee mechanism,perfecting the inter provincial and intra provincial market connection mechanism,improving the medium and long⁃term transaction flexibility,perfecting the retail market transaction mechanism,standardizing information disclosure,establishing a market emergency mechanism and so on.