学龄前儿童维生素D水平与营养状况的相关性研究

Study on the correlation between vitamin D and nutritional status in preschool children

目的探讨学龄前儿童维生素D水平与营养状况的相关性。方法680例学龄前儿童,采用全自动生化分析仪测定儿童前白蛋白(PA)、视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP)水平;采用酶联免疫吸附试验测定血清25-羟维生素D[25-(OH)D]水平。分析不同性别、年龄学龄前儿童25-(OH)D水平、维生素D缺乏情况,不同维生素D水平儿童的营养指标,并分析维生素D水平与营养指标的相关性。结果680例学龄前儿童25-(OH)D水平为(44.34±5.62)nmol/L。其中维生素D缺乏218例(32.06%),其25-(OH)D水平为(21.98±3.24)nmol/L;维生素D不足275例(40.44%),其25-(OH)D水平为(38.14±5.41)nmol/L;维生素D充足187例(27.50%),其25-(OH)D水平为(59.35±6.39)nmol/L。且维生素D缺乏、不足及充足儿童的25-(OH)D水平比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男性与女性儿童25-(OH)D水平及维生素D缺乏情况比较差异均无统计意义(P>0.05)。不同年龄段儿童25-(OH)D水平比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且年龄越大维生素D缺乏发生率越高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。维生素D缺乏、不足、充足儿童的身高比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);维生素D充足儿童体重、PA、RBP均高于维生素D不足和缺乏儿童,胸围大于维生素D不足和缺乏儿童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);维生素D不足儿童体重、PA、RBP均高于维生素D缺乏儿童,胸围大于维生素D缺乏儿童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果表明:学龄前儿童维生素D水平与身高无相关性(r=0.412,P=0.414>0.05);维生素D水平与体重、胸围、PA、RBP呈正相关性(r=0.756、0.669、0.712、0.735,P<0.05)。结论学龄前儿童维生素D水平与营养状态存在相关性,应重视儿童维生素D合理补充,改善营养状态。

Objective To discuss the correlation between vitamin D and nutritional status in preschool children.Methods In 680 preschool children,the levels of prealbumin(PA)and retinol-binding protein(RBP)in children were measured by automatic biochemical analyzer;the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25-(OH)D]levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The 25-(OH)D levels,vitamin D deficiency in preschool children of different genders and ages,the nutritional indicators of children with different vitamin D levels,and the correlation between vitamin D levels and nutritional indicators were analyzed.Results The 25-(OH)D level of 680 preschool children was(44.34±5.62)nmol/L.Among them,218 cases(32.06%)were vitamin D deficient and their 25-(OH)D levels were(21.98±3.24)nmol/L;275 cases(40.44%)were vitamin D insufficient and their 25-(OH)D levels were(38.14±5.41)nmol/L;187 cases(27.50%)were vitamin D sufficient and their 25-(OH)D level was(59.35±6.39)nmol/L.The difference in 25-(OH)D levels among children with vitamin D deficiency,insufficiency and sufficiency(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in 25-(OH)D levels and vitamin D deficiency between male and female children(P>0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in the 25-(OH)D levels of children of different ages(P<0.05);and the older the age,the higher the incidence of vitamin D deficiency,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the height of children with vitamin D deficiency,insufficiency,and sufficiency(P>0.05).The weight,PA,and RBP of children with vitamin D sufficiency were higher than those of children with vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency,and the chest measurement was greater than that of children with vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency.All the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The weight,PA,and RBP of children with vitamin D insufficiency were higher than those of children with vitamin D deficiency,and the chest measurement was greater than that of children with vitamin D deficiency.All the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was no correlation between vitamin D levels and height in preschool children(r=0.412,P=0.414>0.05);vitamin D levels were positively correlated with body weight,chest circumference,PA,and RBP(r=0.756,0.669,0.712,0.735,P<0.05).Conclusion There is a correlation between vitamin D levels and nutritional status of preschool children,and attention should be paid to reasonable supplementation of vitamin D in children to improve nutritional status.