基于流线的流场可视化绘制方法综述

Review of Visualization Drawing Methods of Flow Field Based on Streamlines

流场可视化是科学计算可视化中一个重要的分支,主要对计算流体动力学的模拟计算结果进行可视化,给研究人员提供视觉上直观可见的图形图像,方便研究人员进行分析。流场可视化的已知技术包括基于几何的方法(如流线和粒子追踪法)以及基于纹理的方法(如LIC、噪声点、IBFV等)。流线可视化是流场可视化的一个重要且常用的几何可视化手段。在流线可视化的研究中,流线的放置是整个流线可视化的重点,流线的数目和位置影响了整个可视化效果。当流线放置过多时,会造成视觉的杂乱;而流线放置过少会使流场信息表达不完整,无法传递完整的信息给领域专家。为了实现对科学数据的精确显示,流线可视化产生了两个重要的研究方向:种子点的放置和流线的约减。文中介绍了种子点放置方法和流线的约减方法的相关研究,总结了在2D和3D流场上出现的一些问题和采取的解决方案,并针对日益增长的科学数据,提出流线可视化下一步需要解决的问题。

Flow visualization is an important branch of scientific computational visualization.It mainly visualizes the simulation calculation results of computational fluid dynamics,and provides researchers with visually intuitive graphical images to facilitate researchers’analysis.The known techniques for flow visualization include geometric-based methods:such as streamline,particle tracking methods;and texture-based methods:LIC,spot noise and IBFV.Streamline visualization is an important and commonly used geometric visualization method for flow field visualization.In the study of streamline visualization,the placement of streamline is the focus of the entire streamline visualization,and the number and position of streamline affect the entire visualization effect.When too many streamlines are placed,it will cause visual clutter,and too little cause the flow field information to be incompletely expressed and cannot be transmitted to domain experts.In order to achieve accurate display of scientific data,streamline visualization has generated two important research directions:placement of seed points and reduction of streamline.This article introduces the related research of seed point placement method and streamline reduction method,summarizes some problems and solutions adopted in 2 D and 3 D flow fields,and proposes the need for streamline visualization in view of the growing scientific data in the future.