陆地水体气枪震源探测技术回顾与进展

Review on advances in the detection technology using airgun source fired in continental water

地下介质应力场的状态及其变化监测研究,可促进对地震物理过程的认识和理解.高精度波速测量为微弱的应力变化监测提供了可靠的技术手段,但高重复性的震源是研究地下介质微弱变化的关键.近十几年来的探索和实验表明,陆地水体气枪震源是一种较为理想的重复性人工震源,具有高度可重复、绿色环保和测量精度高等特点.本文对陆地水体气枪震源探测技术的发展历程进行了回顾,介绍和总结了陆地水体气枪震源技术的系统构成、性能特点及相关应用,主要包括在地震前后物理过程、断裂带介质变化和工业开采区生产监测等方面的进展,探讨了目前在推广应用中面临的问题及重点发展方向,为利用陆地水体气枪震源技术开展地下介质动态监测研究提供了佐证.

Monitoring the stress state and its change of underground media can promote the knowledge and understanding of the physical process that causes earthquakes.Seismic wave velocity measurement with high precision provides a reliable tool to monitor the weak stress change of underground media,while the seismic source with high repeatability is the key to study the weak change of underground media.In recent years,exploration and experiments show that the airgun source in continental water is an ideal repetitive artificial source,which has the characteristics of high repeatability,environmental protection,and high measurement accuracy.This paper reviews the development of the detection technology using the airgun source in continental water,presents and summarizes the system composition,performance characteristics and related applications,mainly including the application progress in the physical process before and after earthquakes,the velocity change in fault zones and monitoring of industrial mining areas,and discusses the problems with its application and the future development,providing help for dynamic monitoring of underground media using the airgun source in continental water.